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Counter to suggestions that these readers need interventions focused on text reading, we examined the effects of a decoding\u2010focused intervention. The intervention targeted decoding\u2010related skills, including speeded training on sublexical spelling patterns. We examined the efficacy of this program for students with fluency\u2010defined disabilities, and compared gains to those for students with accuracy\u2010defined disabilities. In the initial phase of the program, readers with fluency\u2010defined disabilities made greater gains in fluency, while readers with accuracy\u2010defined disabilities made larger gains in word reading accuracy. The mean fluency score for readers with fluency\u2010defined disabilities came within the average range across the intervention, as did reading comprehension for both groups. Readers' mastery on speeded learning of sublexical spelling patterns predicted unique variance in fluency outcomes, beyond variance accounted for by pre\u2010test fluency and word reading accuracy. The results support intervention approaches focused on decoding\u2010related skills for students who have fluency\u2010defined disabilities and are consistent with theories of reading fluency that identify a role for automaticity with sublexical spelling patterns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T05:38:18Z","timestamp":1630388298000},"page":"79-96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Improving English reading fluency and comprehension for children with reading fluency disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7944-1794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Metsala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education Mount Saint Vincent University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret D.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education Mount Saint Vincent University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Nova Scotia Department of Education and Early Childhood Development  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194060390040701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2011.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440290907500301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194020350050101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-009-9202-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Word recognition in beginning literacy","author":"Ehri L. 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