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Their repeated academic failures may lead to a negative association between \u201cschool\u201d and \u201cfailure\u201d. The aim of the present study was to investigate how such factors contribute to academic failure in students with dyslexia. Participants were 183 French middle school students. We assessed students' self\u2010judgement and manipulated the framing of performance tasks so that students completed literacy tasks in both academic and non\u2010academic forms. We expected a detrimental impact of dyslexia on performance in academic but not in non\u2010academic tasks. We also expected self\u2010judgement to account for this difference. Students with dyslexia perceive themselves as less competent than students without dyslexia. Significantly, structural equation modeling revealed that students with dyslexia performed poorly in academic tasks, compared to students without dyslexia. This difference no longer appeared in non\u2010academic tasks. Self\u2010judgement of competence is a predictor of the performance of students with and without dyslexia at school and their impact is related to how the academic features of the tasks are emphasized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T01:19:18Z","timestamp":1653700758000},"page":"309-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Removing the academic framing in student evaluations improves achievement in children with dyslexia: The mediating role of self\u2010judgement of competence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Odile","family":"Rohmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nad\u00e8ge","family":"Doignon\u2010Camus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Audusseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9l\u00e9na","family":"Trautmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Cl\u00e9mence","family":"Chaillou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8884-3720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Popa\u2010Roch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Sup\u00e9rieur du Professorat et de l'Education University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000262"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-012-9200-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2015.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/irsp.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9817.2009.01419"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2018.1504907"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(98)00441-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1244333"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12354"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2003.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03055690303270"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijer.2011.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2017.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10212-015-0264-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.371"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11218-018-9430-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","volume-title":"La dyslexie: de l'enfant \u00e0 l'adulte","author":"Col\u00e9 P.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012824"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","volume-title":"Apprendre \u00e0 lire: Des sciences cognitives \u00e0 la salle de classe","author":"Dehaene S.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/nras.074.0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10212-016-0327-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443410.2018.1472219"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duff D. 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