{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:25:06Z","timestamp":1792797906267,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The expanded simple view of reading (SVR) model suggests that word decoding, language comprehension and executive functions are necessary for reading comprehension. Children with reading difficulties (RDs) often have deficits in critical components of reading established in the expanded SVR model and alterations in brain function of reading\u2010related regions. Maternal education could provide children with advantageous educational opportunities or resources that support reading acquisition. The primary goal of this study was to examine the contributions of maternal education to the behavioural and neurobiological correlates of the expanded SVR model. Seventy\u2010two 8\u2010 to 12\u2010year\u2010old children with RDs and typical readers (TRs) completed reading, behavioural and an functional magnetic resonance imaging stories\u2010listening task to determine the functional connectivity of the receptive language network to the whole brain in association with maternal education. Higher maternal education was associated with better vocabulary in children with RDs and positive functional connectivity between the receptive language network and regions related to visual processing in children with RDs versus TRs. These data suggest that maternal education supports the ability to comprehend oral language and engagement of neural networks that support imagination\/visualization in children with RDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T12:21:22Z","timestamp":1685708482000},"page":"217-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Maternal education as an environmental factor related to reading in children with reading difficulties: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Paige","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Hutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Dudley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8002-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"DiFrancesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rola","family":"Farah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mekibib","family":"Altaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0340-4708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzipi","family":"Horowitz\u2010Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Neuroimaging Group, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Kennedy Krieger Institute  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000059865.32155.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.0.0233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.7.1168"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1296-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Barratt simplified measure of social status (BSMSS): Measuring SES. 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