{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:54:56Z","timestamp":1791154496770,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,30]],"date-time":"2002-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1027987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to assess the efficacy of phonological versus surface dyslexia subtyping within an adult dyslexic population, 45 adult dyslexics were assessed on the Castles and Coltheart (1993) irregular word and non\u2010word reading tasks. Based on the performance of a matched group of 28 non\u2010dyslexics, between 62 and 75% of the dyslexics were divided into phonological and surface subtypes. Phonological dyslexics were those individuals who presented evidence of relatively poor or inefficient non\u2010word reading, whereas the surface dyslexics were those who indicated relative difficulties with irregular word reading. The proportions of dyslexics within each subtype varied according to the use of accuracy\u2010based or latency\u2010based procedures, but were consistent with previous findings with children. Subsequent comparisons between the groups on measures of phonological processing, lexical access and word knowledge\/recognition indicated few differences between the two subtypes and, in particular, no differences on measures of phonological ability. The lack of observed differences on such measures casts doubt on the efficacy of this procedure for explaining individual differences amongst adult dyslexics and as a practical procedure for diagnosis and intervention. Copyright \u00a9 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T12:07:53Z","timestamp":1033906073000},"page":"160-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Surface and phonological subtypes of adult developmental dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Zabell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Everatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02653836"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","article-title":"Special issue: dyslexia in literate adults","volume":"20","author":"Beaton A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Reading"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.12.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1973.tb05180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/drev.1993.1012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90003-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Deep Dyslexia","author":"Coltheart M.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"The Dyslexic Child","author":"Critchley M.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Biology, Cognition and Intervention","author":"DeFries J.C.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Reading, Writing and Dyslexia","author":"Ellis A.W.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Reading, Writing and Dyslexia: A Cognitive Analysis","author":"Ellis A.W.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Reading and Dyslexia: Visual and Attentional Processes","author":"Everatt J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Theory and Good Practice","author":"Fisher S.E.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia","author":"Fletcher J.M.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Phonological Assessment Battery","author":"Frederickson N.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Wide Range Achievement Test 3","author":"Jastak S.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(79)90008-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Manis F. andBailey C.(2001) Developmental profiles for phonological and surface dyslexia in grades 3\u20135. 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