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These six populations were selected because they were all English\u2010speaking populations, participated in the first administration of the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), and included the optional questions regarding the presence of a disability. In this study, we compared the groups on prevalence by population, percentage of each group by age and gender, awareness of learning disabilities and problems in school, document and quantitative literacy proficiency, educational attainment, reasons for dropping out of school, and employment, occupational and financial status. Findings were reported among these six populations within an historical perspective including differences in awareness and definition of learning disabilities, public policy, special education services, reading pedagogy, and teacher preparation. Recommendations are made for improving literacy and long\u2010term outcomes for those with learning disabilities in all nations as well as future research directions. Copyright \u00a9 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,22]],"date-time":"2003-10-22T19:21:59Z","timestamp":1066850519000},"page":"193-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A comparative study of adults with and without self\u2010reported learning disabilities in six English\u2010speaking populations: What have we learned?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet K.","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print","author":"Adams M.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-997-0024-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","author":"Barkley R.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Learning to read: The great debate","author":"Chall J.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202500604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Decker P. 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