{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:54:57Z","timestamp":1791154497702,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]],"date-time":"2008-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to show that training using a computer game incorporating an audio\u2010visual phoneme discrimination task with phonological units, presented simultaneously with orthographic units, might improve literacy skills. Two experiments were conducted, one in secondary schools with dyslexic children (Experiment 1) and the other in a speech\u2010therapy clinic with individual case studies (Experiment 2). A classical pre\u2010test, training, post\u2010test design was used. The main findings indicated an improvement in reading scores after short intensive training (10\u2009h) in Experiment 1 and progress in the reading and spelling scores obtained by the dyslexic children (training for 8\u2009h) in Experiment 2. These results are discussed within the frameworks of both the speech\u2010specific deficit theory of dyslexia and the connectionist models of reading development. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]],"date-time":"2008-07-21T14:24:14Z","timestamp":1216650254000},"page":"218-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Computer\u2010based training with ortho\u2010phonological units in dyslexic children: new investigations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jean","family":"Ecalle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Magnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houria","family":"Bouchafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Emile","family":"Gombert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/713755750","article-title":"Speech perception in children with specific reading difficulties (dyslexia)","volume":"51","author":"Adlard A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(03)00157-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Statistics with confidence","author":"Altman D.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.26.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Beginning reading module","author":"Beck I.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4206.1295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543072001101"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(03)00305-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Phonological processes in literacy: A tribute to Isabelle Y. Liberman","author":"Brady S. A.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.28.5.874","article-title":"Persistence of dyslexic's phonological awareness deficits","volume":"28","author":"Bruck M","year":"1992","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.91.3.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2005\/049)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/clin.12.4.482.7241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Play\u2010On: Un logiciel d'entra\u00eenement \u00e0 la lecture. [A training program for children with difficulties in learning to read]","author":"Danon\u2010Boileau L.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(01)80044-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Tim\u00e9\u20102: Test d'identification de mots \u00e9crits pour enfants de 6 \u00e0 8 ans. [Tim\u00e92: A written word recognition test for children from 6 to 8 y.o.]","author":"Ecalle J","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.36.3.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648162"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.96.4.660"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.1996.tb00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia, theory and good practice","author":"Fawcett A","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Computer\u2010administered instruction in phonological awareness: Evaluation of the Daisy Quest program","volume":"27","author":"Foster K. C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Research and Development in Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Biology, cognition and intervention","author":"Frith U","year":"1997"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"516","article-title":"Phonemic awareness helps beginning readers break the code","volume":"45","author":"Griffith P. L.","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Reading Teacher"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Training dyslexics with acoustically modified speech: Evidence of improved phonological performance","volume":"40","author":"Habib M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820210136278"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532799XSSR0702_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.3.662"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-001-0006-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Biology, cognition and intervention","author":"Hulme C.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0909(199906)5:2<78::AID-DYS127>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.181589198"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Phonology and reading disability: Solving the reading puzzle","author":"Liberman I. Y.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Learning to collaborate: Collaborating to learn","author":"Littleton K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1511308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/499669"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9817.2006.00282.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2004.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.270"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(95)00679-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/073)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4752(01)00018-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4004.912"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532799XSSR0701_05"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5245.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19388070109558353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1996.2343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2004.11.009"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Evaluation des habilet\u00e9s de lecture et d'orthographe au moyen de la BELEC: donn\u00e9es longitudinales aupr\u00e8s d'enfants francophones test\u00e9s en 2\u00e8me et 4\u00e8me ann\u00e9es. [Evaluation of reading and spelling ability by means of the BELEC]","volume":"49","author":"Mousty P.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Revue Europ\u00e9enne de Psychologie Appliqu\u00e9e"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4204.925"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01027490"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03201007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01027488"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532799xssr0103_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1990.tb03564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35086683"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(03)00035-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Progressive Matrices Standard, Edition 1998","author":"Raven J. C.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1529-1006.00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(03)00046-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/057)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4733.2002.55150.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.4.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/032)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2004.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013876606178"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia","author":"Snowling M. J","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648254"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.86.1.24","article-title":"Phenotypic performance profiles of children with reading disabilities: A regression\u2010based test of the phonological\u2010core variable difference model","volume":"86","author":"Stanovich K. E.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1997.2375"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(80)90139-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00303-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00191"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Better understanding learning disabilities: Perspectives on classification, identification, and assessment and their implications for education and policy","author":"Torgesen J. K","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Perspectives on learning disabilities","author":"Torgesen J. K","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","first-page":"355","volume-title":"The voice of evidence in reading research","author":"Torgesen J. K","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1511196"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532799xssr0103_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9817.1990.tb00330.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00113"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.30.1.73","article-title":"Development of reading\u2010related phonological processing abilities: New evidence of bi\u2010directional causality from a latent longitudinal study","volume":"30","author":"Wagner R. K.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648214"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Word recognition in beginning literacy","author":"Wise B. W.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1999.2490"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1999.2559"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RT.54.2.2"}],"container-title":["Dyslexia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdys.373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dys.373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T16:53:02Z","timestamp":1699980782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dys.373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dys.373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.373","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-9242","1099-0909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-9242","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0909","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]]}}}