{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:38:58Z","timestamp":1760204338330},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,16]],"date-time":"2008-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study reports a comparison of screening tests for dyslexia, dyspraxia and Meares\u2010Irlen (M\u2010I) syndrome in a Higher Education setting, the University of Worcester. Using a sample of 74 volunteer students, we compared the current tutor\u2010delivered battery of 15 subtests with a computerized test, the Lucid Adult Dyslexia Screening test (LADS), and both of these with data on assessment outcomes. The sensitivity of this tutor battery was higher than LADS in predicting dyslexia, dyspraxia or M\u2010I syndrome (91% compared with 66%) and its specificity was lower (79% compared with 90%). Stepwise logistic regression on these tests was used to identify a better performing subset of tests, when combined with a change in practice for M\u2010I syndrome screening. This syndrome itself proved to be a powerful discriminator for dyslexia and\/or dyspraxia, and we therefore recommend it as the first stage in a two\u2010stage screening process. The specificity and sensitivity of the new battery, the second part of which comprises LADS plus four of the original tutor delivered subtests, provided the best overall performance: 94% sensitivity and 92% specificity. We anticipate that the new two\u2010part screening process would not take longer to complete. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]],"date-time":"2008-12-18T07:57:35Z","timestamp":1229587055000},"page":"42-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Screening for dyslexia, dyspraxia and Meares\u2010Irlen syndrome in higher education"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"S. A.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. S.","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. L.","family":"Holder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. S. T.","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Beery K. &Beery N.(2006). Beery\u2010Buktenica Developmental Test of visual\u2013motor integration. Ann Arbor USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Cerium Visual Technologies. (2007). Cerium coloured overlays. Tenterden. \u3008http:\/\/www.ceriumvistech.co.uk\/RateofReading.htm\u3009."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"DDA (Disability Discrimination Act). (1995). HMSO London. \u3008http:\/\/www.opsi.gov.uk\/acts\/acts1995\/ukpga_19950050_en_1\u3009 2007Accessed 31.03.07."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"DfES. (2005). 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