{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:48:58Z","timestamp":1792061338639,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigates assessment of Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) in Twice\u2010Exceptional (TE) children, gifted children (GC) who also present SLD, in oral and written language domains. Applying the standard threshold for identification (&lt;\u20097th percentile) to GC often results in the assessment and identification of SLD in the TE population, thereby limiting access to appropriate support. The objective was to determine which language tests effectively identify SLD in TE children and establish optimal threshold values. The prospective study included 301 children 7\u201316\u2009years, divided into three groups: GC without SLD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200971), TE children (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009114), and non\u2010gifted children with SLD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009116). Language test performances were compared across groups, and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analyses were employed to optimize test sensitivity and specificity in the TE group. TE children performed better than the SLD group but worse than GC without disorders. At standard thresholds, text reading and spelling tests showed the highest sensitivity, which significantly improved when CART\u2010derived decision thresholds (62nd and 38th percentiles) were applied, while maintaining satisfactory specificity. Results indicate that standard thresholds lead to under\u2010identification of SLD in GC, and that adjusted thresholds enhance identification accuracy. These findings should generalize to similarly complex languages, such as English.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.70050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:16:39Z","timestamp":1792059399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Revisiting Identification Thresholds of Specific Learning Disorders (\n                    <scp>SLD<\/scp>\n                    ) in Gifted Children (\n                    <scp>GC<\/scp>\n                    ). A Comparison of Three Groups: Twice\u2010Exceptional (\n                    <scp>TE<\/scp>\n                    ) Children,\n                    <scp>GC<\/scp>\n                    Without\n                    <scp>SLD<\/scp>\n                    and Non\u2010\n                    <scp>GC<\/scp>\n                    With\n                    <scp>SLD<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8620-2163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Lesecq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology and Referral Center for Language and Learning Disorders (CRTLA) Amiens\u2010Picardie University Medical Center  Amiens France"},{"name":"Psychology Research Center\u2014Cognition, Psychism, Organisations, PRC\u2010CPO (EA7273) Jules Verne University of Picardie  Amiens France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9859-2395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Querne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology and Referral Center for Language and Learning Disorders (CRTLA) Amiens\u2010Picardie University Medical Center  Amiens France"},{"name":"Groupe de Recherches Sur L'analyse Multimodale de la Fonction C\u00e9r\u00e9brale (GRAMFC) INSERM U1105  Amiens France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Gornes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Education and Training in Speech Therapy Paul Sabatier University  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Buffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Education and Training in Speech Therapy Paul Sabatier University  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Corbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Education and Training in Speech Therapy Paul Sabatier University  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efse","family":"Perrais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Education and Training in Speech Therapy Paul Sabatier University  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u00eblys","family":"Kartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Education and Training in Speech Therapy Paul Sabatier University  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8132-6814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Gaelle","family":"Le Moing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology and Referral Center for Language and Learning Disorders (CRTLA) Amiens\u2010Picardie University Medical Center  Amiens France"},{"name":"Groupe de Recherches Sur L'analyse Multimodale de la Fonction C\u00e9r\u00e9brale (GRAMFC) INSERM U1105  Amiens France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1768-7932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Bourdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Center\u2014Cognition, Psychism, Organisations, PRC\u2010CPO (EA7273) Jules Verne University of Picardie  Amiens France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Berquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology and Referral Center for Language and Learning Disorders (CRTLA) Amiens\u2010Picardie University Medical Center  Amiens France"},{"name":"Groupe de Recherches Sur L'analyse Multimodale de la Fonction C\u00e9r\u00e9brale (GRAMFC) INSERM U1105  Amiens France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","volume-title":"Manuel Diagnostique et Statistique des Troubles Mentaux [DSM\u20105, version fran\u00e7aise]","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","unstructured":"American Psychological Association. n.d.\u201cAPA Dictionary of Psychology.\u201dUpdated on 04\/19\/2018.https:\/\/dictionary.apa.org\/giftedness."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2021.103358"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2013.836623"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"L'apprentissage de la lecture","author":"Bianco M.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","volume-title":"Lecture et Habilet\u00e9s de Compr\u00e9hension Chez 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