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Although species\u2013habitat relationships are inherently scale\u2010dependent, few studies apply robust multivariate approaches to optimize spatial scale selection. We developed a scale\u2010optimized habitat suitability model for the mugger crocodile (\n                    <jats:italic>Crocodylus palustris<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) using binomial generalized linear models, evaluating each predictor across multiple spatial scales within the Cauvery River Basin (CRB) in southern India. Model selection based on the lowest Akaike information criterion scores identified the multiscale modeling as the best performing approach. Most predictors showed the strongest associations at finer (500\u2009m) to moderate (1000\u20132000\u2009m) scales, while a subset of topographic and hydrological variables was retained at broader scales (8000\u2009m), showing the importance of incorporating scale heterogeneity in riverine species modeling. Key variables influencing the potential distribution of muggers across the CRB include isothermality, radius of gyration area\u2010weighted mean of wetland, distance to roads, and terrain wetness, indicating mugger prefer stable temperature, low disturbance, and localized patches but well\u2010distributed wetland habitats. The multiscale model estimated 2209.5\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    of potentially suitable habitat across the CRB of which only 38.12% lies within the existing protected area network. Integrating the best performing model into a systematic conservation planning framework that maximizes species target while minimizing human impacts, the solution identified 990\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    of priority regions, including five high\u2010priority areas with a total area of 540\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , outside the current protected network. The study offers a robust and resource\u2010efficient approach to habitat delineation and conservation prioritization, improving the performance of suitability modeling across spatially varying environmental factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.70222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T12:35:33Z","timestamp":1775046933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiscale habitat modeling to improve spatial prioritization for mugger crocodile conservation in riverine landscapes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9483-2569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Gour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenneth Anderson Nature Society  Mathigiri India"},{"name":"Department of Ecology &amp; Environmental Sciences School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University  Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0772-3434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikhil","family":"Whitaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Crocodile Bank Trust and Centre for Herpetology  Mamallapuram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecog.01132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Population Viability Analyses in Conservation Planning: An Overview","volume":"48","author":"Ak\u00e7akaya H. 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