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In this study, we investigated the monthly and diurnal dynamics of diffusive GHG emissions in a headwater river, which initially contained a series of constructed wetlands but were later destroyed. Our findings reveal that the riverine reach with wetlands was a persistent source of diffusive CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions, but a periodic sink for N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O, with mean fluxes of 0.76\u2009mmol\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    day\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 262.38\u2009mmol\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    day\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and 5.44\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    day\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively. The hotspots for CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and sinks for N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O emissions occur coincidentally in warm months, when vegetative and microbial activities are strong. Once the wetlands were destroyed, we observed reductions in the emission fluxes of N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O (9.62%), CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    (27.23%), and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (47.73%). Further analysis underscored that the environmental settings as shaped by wetlands foster anaerobic metabolisms, whereas the loss of wetlands reduces nutrient trapping and induces more aerobic conditions, which hinder anaerobic activity and associated GHG production. The comparative nature of this study uniquely illuminates the roles of wetlands in governing diffusive GHG dynamics, providing a valuable, data\u2010driven starting point for a more refined evaluation of their net impact on aquatic GHG budgets.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.70233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T11:31:51Z","timestamp":1775734311000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Roles of riverine wetlands in diffusive greenhouse gas emissions: Comparing before and after wetland destruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9473-4555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wangshou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hengpeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenglong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lno.12243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511541933.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es1016735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-025-00465-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15614"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16530-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.124204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0666-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03042-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-023-00745-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2007.01337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"Protocol Handbook for Nitrogen Cycling in Estuaries","author":"Dalsgaard L. 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