{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:40:33Z","timestamp":1792590033530,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023581","name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DGE award 006784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE award 006784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecological Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Expanding human activities increasingly influence animal movement. Yet, conservation interventions often overlook intraspecific variation in how movement is structured across populations inhabiting distinct ecosystems. For wide\u2010ranging generalists such as African savanna elephants (\n                    <jats:italic>Loxodonta africana<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), understanding how responses to resource availability and anthropogenic pressure vary across populations is critical for effective conservation planning. Here, we analyze long\u2010term GPS tracking data from 175 African elephants to contrast how movement is structured across mesic (Mara\u2013Serengeti) and xeric (Samburu\u2013Laikipia) savannas in East Africa. We delineate the landscape of elephant movement (a \u201cmovescape\u201d), using a network\u2010based approach that integrates movement path, use intensity, and connectivity metrics to describe how animals use discrete locations for different functions. We focused on identifying highly used areas and movement corridors, then used mixed\u2010effects spatial regressions to evaluate how environmental context influenced the occurrence of these areas within and across ecosystems. All analyses in Mara\u2013Serengeti represent a new application of this framework and are compared with previously published results from Samburu\u2013Laikipia. Elephant movement structure differed between ecosystems. In the Mara\u2013Serengeti, movement networks were dense and clustered, with more locations used repeatedly and connected by redundant pathways. Movement in Samburu\u2013Laikipia was more spatially dispersed. Most locations were used by elephants with low intensity, and connectivity was concentrated in fewer corridors. Across both ecosystems, core\u2010use areas comprised a small proportion of the landscape, highlighting locations where conservation efforts could be targeted in unprotected areas. In the Mara\u2013Serengeti, elephants concentrated use in areas with low boma density and away from villages. In Samburu\u2013Laikipia, core areas and corridors were strongly associated with permanent water and consistent vegetation productivity, likely reflecting more ecological constraints on movement. Conservation planning in the Mara\u2013Serengeti could prioritize riparian woodlands and bush thickets on hillsides to protect connectivity between core elephant areas. In Samburu\u2013Laikipia, protecting existing limited corridors that provide access to seasonally productive forage and access to permanent natural water sources could be effective. Our combined delineation of core\u2010use areas and the corridors that link them provides a framework for prioritizing both core habitat patches and the movement pathways that sustain landscape\u2010scale connectivity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.70320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:18:12Z","timestamp":1792585092000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contrasting African elephant movescapes across xeric and mesic savannas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5391-7627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Louise","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Dynamics  Kilifi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6799-639X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Bastille\u2010Rousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Wildlife Research Sustainability Southern Illinois University  Carbondale Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen Ndambuki","family":"Mwiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Wildlife Research and Training Institute  Naivasha Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Goss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mara Elephant Project  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1640-5355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Wittemyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"},{"name":"Save The Elephants  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2020.10.018","article-title":"Emerging Perspectives on Resource Tracking and Animal Movement Ecology","volume":"36","author":"Abrahms B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12714","article-title":"Does Wildlife Resource Selection Accurately Inform Corridor Conservation?","volume":"54","author":"Abrahms B.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2021.743014","article-title":"A Quantitative Framework for Identifying Patterns of Route\u2010Use in Animal Movement Data","volume":"9","author":"Alavi S. 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