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The Critically Endangered eastern population of North Pacific right whale (NPRW) was driven to near extinction by commercial whaling and has not recovered (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 35). We analyzed passive acoustic data from seven sites along the eastern Bering Sea shelf (2012\u20132019) to investigate spatial and environmental associations of NPRW calling patterns on a rapidly warming primary foraging ground. Generalized additive models were used to relate acoustic metrics summarized by ecological year (March\u2013February) to environmental conditions at two scales: (1) cold pool extent (CPE), a shelf\u2010scale hydrographic feature derived from seasonal sea ice meltwater that structures right whale prey, and (2) site\u2010specific mean fall bottom temperature (BT), a local thermal expression of cold pool conditions and fall mixing. NPRW phenology, specifically spring arrival and fall departure, was modeled against sea ice retreat and formation dates. NPRW calls occurred at all sites but were most consistently detected within Critical Habitat in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS). Calling activity expanded northward during consecutive years of lower CPE (2014\u20132016), whereas overall few detections occurred during record\u2010low CPE years (2018 and 2019), suggesting a redistribution associated with environmental conditions. While spatial structure explained much of the observed variation, models incorporating CPE and BT received greater and comparable support, suggesting that NPRW calling patterns are associated with habitat conditions generated by cold pool processes rather than single metrics. The strength of environmental effects implied greater sensitivity of calling intensity to environmental variability than calling occurrence. Significant environmental relationships were restricted to the SEBS, where detections increased with CPE and decreased with warming BTs, consistent with known prey\u2010temperature associations. These results, combined with no significant trends between whale phenology and sea ice timing, suggest that NPRW calling patterns are associated with trophically mediated effects of sea\u2010ice\u2010driven oceanography rather than direct responses to ice timing. More broadly, this study demonstrates how long\u2010term passive acoustic monitoring can reveal climate\u2010associated changes in marine predator calling patterns and link detected calling to ecosystem processes operating across spatial scales.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.70329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:40:31Z","timestamp":1791852031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Habitat use by critically endangered North Pacific right whales linked to sea ice dynamics at varying spatial scales"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7987-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana L.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Crance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Woodrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arial M.","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Strausz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine L.","family":"Berchok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Alaska Fisheries Science Center.2026.\u201cAFSC\/MML: Acoustics Long\u2010Term Passive Monitoring Using Moored Autonomous Recorders in the Bering Chukchi and Western Beaufort Seas 2007\u20132023.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.fisheries.noaa.gov\/inport\/item\/17343."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86403-y","article-title":"Temporal and Spatial Lags Between Wind, Coastal Upwelling, and Blue Whale Occurrence","volume":"11","author":"Barlow D. R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3354\/meps10457","article-title":"Associations Between North Pacific Right Whales and Their Zooplanktonic Prey in the Southeastern Bering Sea","volume":"490","author":"Baumgartner M. F.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3354\/meps12315","article-title":"North Atlantic Right Whale Foraging Ecology and Its Role in Human\u2010Caused Mortality","volume":"581","author":"Baumgartner M. F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Acoustics Long\u2010Term Passive Monitoring Using Moored Autonomous Recorders in the Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas Conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory from 2007\u201008\u201015 to 2015\u201004\u201030 (NCEI Accession 0143303)","author":"Berchok C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information\u2010Theoretic Approach","author":"Burnham K. P.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2014.08.012","article-title":"Ecological Characteristics of Core\u2010Use Areas Used by Bering\u2013Chukchi\u2013Beaufort (BCB) Bowhead Whales, 2006\u20132012","volume":"136","author":"Citta J. 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C.","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13460","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13359-3","article-title":"Long\u2010Term Passive Acoustic Recordings Track the Changing Distribution of North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena glacialis) from 2004 to 2014","volume":"7","author":"Davis G. E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsad174","article-title":"Upcalling Behaviour and Patterns in North Atlantic Right Whales, Implications for Monitoring Protocols During Wind Energy Development","volume":"82","author":"Davis G. E.","year":"2025","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511802843","volume-title":"Bootstrap Methods and Their Applications","author":"Davison A. 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