{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:24:46Z","timestamp":1792099486015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,17]],"date-time":"2005-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study presents the long\u2010term course of anorexia nervosa (AN) over 12 years in a large sample of 103 patients diagnosed according to criteria in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM\u2010IV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessments were made at the beginning of therapy, at the end of therapy, at the 2\u2010year follow\u2010up, at the 6\u2010year follow\u2010up, and at the 12\u2010year follow\u2010up. Self\u2010rating and an expert\u2010rating interview data were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participation rate at the 12\u2010year follow\u2010up was 88% of those alive. There was substantial improvement during therapy, a moderate (in many instances nonsignificant) decline during the first 2 years posttreatment, and further improvement from 3 to 12 years posttreatment. Based on a global 12\u2010year outcome score, 27.5% had a good outcome, 25.3% an intermediate outcome, 39.6% had a poor outcome, and 7 (7.7%) were deceased. At the 12\u2010year follow\u2010up 19.0% had AN, 9.5% had bulimia nervosa\u2010purging type (BN\u2010P), 19.0% were classified as eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). A total of 52.4% showed no major DSM\u2010IV eating disorder and 0% had binge eating disorder (BED). Systematic\u2014strictly empirically based\u2014model building resulted in a parsimonious model including four predictors of unfavorable 12\u2010year outcome explaining 45% of the variance, that is, sexual problems, impulsivity, long duration of inpatient treatment, and long duration of an eating disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mortality was high and symptomatic recovery protracted. Impulsivity, symptom severity, and chronicity were the important factors for predicting the 12\u2010year outcome. \u00a9 2005 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,17]],"date-time":"2005-10-17T16:48:05Z","timestamp":1129567685000},"page":"87-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":329,"title":["Twelve\u2010year course and outcome predictors of anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Manfred M.","family":"Fichter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Quadflieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Hedlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.173.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.8.1284"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Epidemiology and mortality of eating disorders","volume":"24","author":"Nielsen S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700028166"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1980.01780220079009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700009739"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Psychiatric treatment: advances in outcome research","author":"Hsu LKG.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"319","article-title":"Do anorectics get well? 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