{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T04:45:11Z","timestamp":1783658711835,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]],"date-time":"2008-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study tested the psychometric properties of two commonly used measures of dietary restraint, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Restraint data from 512 overweight\/obese participants with binge eating disorder (BED) were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Factor analyses of the restraint variables indicated a two\u2010factor solution, interpreted as \u201cRegimented\u201d and \u201cLifestyle\u201d restraint. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that Regimented restraint was more predictive of eating pathology, whereas Lifestyle restraint appeared to be protective of eating problems. Neither type of restraint was related to binge eating. Cluster analysis of the restraint dimensions yielded three distinct subgroups of patients who differed significantly on several important eating\u2010 and weight\u2010related features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Future research is needed to test the significance of these restraint constructs over time in both the development of obesity and binge eating problems as well as their treatment. \u00a9 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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