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Data concerning service use were collected from clinical casenotes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In areas where specialist outpatient services were available, 2\u20133 times more cases were identified than in areas without such services. Where initial outpatient treatment was in specialist rather than nonspecialist services, there was a significantly lower rate of admission for inpatient treatment and considerably higher consistency of care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Developing specialist outpatient services with direct access from primary care is likely to lead to improvements in treatment and reduce overall costs. \u00a9 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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