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To enhance our knowledge of exposure therapy for AN researchers and clinicians need a comprehensive measure that assesses outcomes relevant to exposure therapy for AN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the current four studies we developed Fear of Food Measure (FOFM) that assesses three cognitive and behavioral outcomes: trait anxiety about eating, food avoidance behaviors, and feared concerns related to eating.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a community (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009399) and undergraduate female sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009203) the FOFM exhibited a good three\u2010factor structure and convergent and divergent validity. In a sample of women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200972) we showed that the anxiety about eating subscale significantly predicted <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> food intake over and above other established predictors of eating (e.g., restraint). In a clinical sample diagnosed with an eating disorder (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941) we showed that anxiety about eating was associated with food intake and anxiety during an exposure meal and that all subscales of the FOFM significantly decreased over the course of a four\u2010session exposure intervention. Finally, we found that participants diagnosed with an eating disorder had higher levels of fear of food than did matched controls (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FOFM is a psychometrically valid measure that can assess if patients are improving while undergoing exposure therapy and could be used to pinpoint problematic behaviors that can be addressed in exposure therapy. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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