{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T06:10:52Z","timestamp":1789884652363,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,25]],"date-time":"2015-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA09022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA09022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA07728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA07728"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA11998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA11998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA17688"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA17688"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA17915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA17915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA07580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA07580"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute of Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DA019951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA019951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HD49024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD49024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Purging disorder (PD) was recently included as an otherwise specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) in the DSM\u20105; however, limited information is available on its prevalence, and its etiology is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 1,790 monozygotic and 1,440 dizygotic European American female twins (age range\u2009=\u200918\u201329 years) from the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study were used to investigate prevalence and familial influences for PD. A structured clinical interview assessed lifetime DSM\u2010IV criteria for eating disorders and PD. After adjustment for age, twin correlations and biometrical twin models were used to estimate familial (i.e., genetic plus shared environmental) influences on PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and twenty one (3.77%; 95% CI: 3.14, 4.49) women met criteria for lifetime PD. Twin correlations suggested that genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared environmental factors influenced liability to PD. Nonshared environmental factors accounted for 56% [35%, 79%] of the variance in PD. Although familial effects accounted for a significant proportion of variance (44% [21%, 65%]), it was not possible to disentangle the independent contributions of additive genetic effects (20% [0%, 65%]) and shared environmental effects (24% [0%, 57%]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PD is a prevalent form of eating pathology. Familial factors are relevant to the development of PD but do not demonstrate the magnitude of heritable factors found for other eating disorders. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:601\u2013606)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,25]],"date-time":"2015-03-25T10:01:55Z","timestamp":1427277715000},"page":"601-606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prevalence of and familial influences on purging disorder in a community sample of female twins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Munn\u2010Chernoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Midwest Alcoholism Research Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela K.","family":"Keel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Florida State University Tallahassee Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly 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