{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:36:49Z","timestamp":1792301809974,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deficits in theory of mind (ToM), ability to infer mental states of others, can play a significant role in interpersonal difficulties and\/or unawareness of illness observed in AN and other eating disorders including bulimia Nervosa (BN).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current meta\u2010analysis aimed to summarize available evidence for deficits in ToM in AN and BN and examine the effects of number of study\u2010level variables on observed findings. In this meta\u2010analysis, 15 studies (22 samples with eating disorders) investigating ToM performances of 677 individuals with AN or BN and 514 healthy controls were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AN was associated with significant deficits in ToM (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.59) which were more pronounced in the acute patients (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.67). Small sized deficits in ToM were observed in BN (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.34) and recovered AN (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.35). Both cognitive perspective\u2010taking (ToM\u2010PT) (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.99) and decoding mental states (ToM\u2010decoding) (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.61) aspects of ToM were impaired in acute AN. ToM\u2010decoding impairment in BN was modest. There was no evidence for significant ToM\u2010PT deficit in BN. Several study\u2010level variables including longer duration of illness, lower BMI, and depressive symptoms were associated with more severe deficits in ToM in AN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ToM deficits, particularly in ToM\u2010PT, can be a specific feature of AN but not BN. ToM impairment can contribute to poor insight, treatment resistance, and social impairment in AN. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESUMEN Meta an\u00e1lisis de la teor\u00eda de la mente en anorexia nervosa y bulimia nervosa<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u00bfUn deterioro de la toma de perspectiva cognitiva en Anorexia Nervosa?<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objetivo<\/jats:title><jats:p>Las deficiencias en la teor\u00eda de la mente (ToM), la habilidad parar inferir los estados mentales de otros, pueden jugar una funci\u00f3n significativa en las dificultades interpersonales y\/o falta de reconocimiento de la enfermedad observada en Anorexia Nervosa (AN) y otros trastornos de la conducta alimentaria incluyendo la Bulimia Nervosa (BN).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>M\u00e9todo<\/jats:title><jats:p>Los meta an\u00e1lisis actuales dirigidos a resumir la evidencia disponible sobre el d\u00e9ficit en ToM en AN y BN y examinar los efectos de un n\u00famero de variables a nivel estudio en los resultados observados. En este meta an\u00e1lisis fueron incluidos 15 estudios (22 muestras con trastornos alimenticios) investigando la funci\u00f3n de ToM de 677 individuos con AN o BN y 514 controles sanos.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Resultados<\/jats:title><jats:p>La AN fue relacionada con d\u00e9ficit significativo en ToM (d=0.59) los cuales fueron pronunciados en los pacientes agudos (d=0.67). Se observaron d\u00e9ficits de tama\u00f1o peque\u00f1o en BN (d=0.34) y AN recuperada (d=0.35). La toma de perspectiva cognitiva (ToM\u2010PT) (d=0.99) y la descodificaci\u00f3n de los procesos mentales (descodificaci\u00f3n de ToM) (d=0.61) fueron deteriorados en la AN aguda. El deterioro en la descodificaci\u00f3n de ToM en BN fue moderado. No se encontr\u00f3 evidencia significativa de d\u00e9ficit en ToM\u2010PT en BN. Algunas variables a nivel estudio incluyendo la larga duraci\u00f3n de la enfermedad, \u00edndice de masa corporal (IMC) bajo y s\u00edntomas depresivos fueron asociados con mayores d\u00e9ficit severos en ToM en AN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discusi\u00f3n<\/jats:title><jats:p>El d\u00e9ficit en ToM, particularmente en ToM\u2010PT puede ser una caracter\u00edstica espec\u00edfica en la AN pero no en la BN. El deterioro en la descodificaci\u00f3n de ToM puede contribuir a mala percepci\u00f3n, resistencia al tratamiento y deterioro social en AN. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:739\u2013749)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T08:37:08Z","timestamp":1468831028000},"page":"739-740","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Meta\u2010analysis of theory of mind in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A specific \u0130mpairment of cognitive perspective taking in anorexia nervosa?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Emre","family":"Bora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre the University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health Carlton South VIC Australia; 6328 Sok no:38\/2, Yali Mahallesi, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sezen","family":"K\u00f6se","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Ege University Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.8.1284"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199712)22:4<339::AID-EAT1>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170100407X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e328365a24f"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1155\/1992\/259318","article-title":"Do some cases of anorexia nervosa reflect underlying autistic\u2010like conditions?","volume":"5","author":"Gillberg C","year":"1992","journal-title":"Behav Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2012.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.6.976"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325078"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199907)26:1<1::AID-EAT1>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390802036092"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.639804"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043382"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2014.909606"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000294"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.722"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2003.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00715"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892904322926755"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.04.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.08.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044414"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"941","article-title":"Emotional processing in adult vs adolescent patients with eating behavior disorders; emotional recognizing and the mental theory","volume":"29","author":"Calvo SR","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546805.2015.1091766"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Emotional theory of mind in eating disorders","volume":"12","author":"Medina\u2010Pradas C","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Clin Health Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12054"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110743"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2011.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2012.750014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002881"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2247"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"[Impaired theory of mind in anorexia nervosa]","volume":"26","author":"G\u00e1l Z","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatr Hung"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.628"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710000036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20967"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181c6c7ca"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.608"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172093"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.34.2.358"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892998562942"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v049.i05"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674040243"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-006-0681-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000445243.00683.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2008.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn4005"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Feat.22572","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.22572","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T12:55:41Z","timestamp":1694868941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.22572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.22572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22572","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]}}}