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This study examines in a nationwide setting whether personal or family religiosity is associated with lifetime anorexia nervosa among women in adolescence and early adulthood. Women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 2,825) from the 1975 to 1979 birth cohorts of Finnish twins were screened for lifetime DSM\u20105 anorexia nervosa (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 92). Parental religiosity was assessed by self\u2010report when the women were aged 16 years. The women self\u2010reported their religiosity at ages 16 and 22 to 27 years. Parental religiosity did not increase the risk of lifetime anorexia nervosa, and neither did religiosity of the women themselves in adolescence. In early adulthood, a J\u2010shaped curve was compatible with the data, indicating increased risk both at low and high levels of religiosity, but this result was statistically non\u2010significant. Religiosity was weakly negatively correlated with body dissatisfaction. There was some suggestive evidence for socioregional variation in the association of religiosity with lifetime anorexia nervosa. In this first population study to directly address religiosity and anorexia nervosa, no evidence was found for a significant association of religiosity with anorexia nervosa either at the personal or family level. Some regional differences are possible. A modest protective association of religiosity with body dissatisfaction is also possible. Despite compelling case descriptions of \u201choly anorexia,\u201d religiosity does not appear to be a central factor in the development of anorexia nervosa in Finland, a highly secularized Christian country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,27]],"date-time":"2017-03-27T15:49:18Z","timestamp":1490629758000},"page":"406-414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["\u201cHoly anorexia\u201d\u2014relevant or relic? 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