{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T21:39:35Z","timestamp":1786484375141,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,10]],"date-time":"2018-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeckfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["155\u20102014\u20101724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["155\u20102014\u20101724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["538\u20102013\u20108864"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["538\u20102013\u20108864"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["538\u20102013\u20108864"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["538\u20102013\u20108864"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005310","name":"Klarman Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Involuntary treatment is controversial and widely debated, but remains a significant component of treatment for severe anorexia nervosa. Given how little is known about this topic, we describe the frequency of various involuntary measures in a national cohort of all patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. In a subsample of patients, we explored predictors of the first involuntary measure recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted using the national registers of Denmark covering the total population. Data from the National Patient Register and the Psychiatric Central Research Register including all psychiatric visits from 1969 onwards were merged with data from the National Register on Coercion covering 1999 onward. Involuntary measures registered between 2000 and 2013 were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 4,727 patients with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa representing 16,592 admissions were included. Eighteen percent experienced at least one involuntary measure. A variety of measures were used with tube feeding being the most frequent followed by mechanical restraint, involuntary medication, physical restraint, constant observation, and sedative medication. A subsample of 2% of AN patients had more than 100 involuntary measures recorded. The first recorded involuntary measure was predicted by most but not all psychiatric comorbidities, especially schizophrenia, autism spectrum, and personality disorders, older age at first diagnosis, and previous admissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is important to develop a more granular understanding of patients at risk of requiring involuntary treatment and to determine how best to treat them effectively with minimal use of involuntary measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,10]],"date-time":"2018-11-10T14:08:57Z","timestamp":1541858937000},"page":"1213-1222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["A Danish register\u2010based study on involuntary treatment in anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4559-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Clausen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Aarhus University Hospital Risskov  Risskov Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0385-1017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. T.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Register\u2010Based Research Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7772-3264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M.","family":"Bulik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0479-5379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Register\u2010Based Research Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.887"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22002"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Reflections on coercion in the treatment of severe anorexia nervosa","volume":"43","author":"Carney T.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-014-0029-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"Danish Ministry of Health(2015).Law on use of involuntary treatment in psychiatry(In Danish: Sundhed\u2010 og \u00c6ldreministeriet Bekendt g\u00f8relsen af lov om anvendelse af tvang i psykiatrien. 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