{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T23:13:01Z","timestamp":1778541181547,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,22]],"date-time":"2018-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regent's University London Humanities and Social Sciences Research Committee"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>People with anorexia nervosa (AN) report significant difficulties in social functioning and a growing literature is beginning to explain some of the differences in social skills that might underlie the social challenges experienced by patients. One vital area of social functioning that has been largely neglected to date is how eye\u2010contact is used in the context of social stimuli and in social situations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional, experimental study used eye\u2010tracking to measure the frequency and duration of eye\u2010contact made with the eye region of interest (ROI) of (1) static social stimuli (man and woman Ekman faces displaying basic emotions); (2) moving social stimuli (a video of two actors conversing); and (3) during a real\u2010life social interaction in 75 women (25 with AN, 25 recovered from AN, and 25 non\u2010AN controls; mean age\u2009=\u200927.18, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096.19).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants showed greater eye\u2010contact during a real\u2010life social interaction than when viewing static social stimuli. Those with AN made contact with the eye ROI of the static and moving social stimuli and during a real\u2010life social interaction significantly less often and for significantly less time than non\u2010AN controls. Those recovered from AN showed greater eye\u2010contact than the acute group but significantly less eye\u2010contact with the eye ROI across the static and moving social stimuli and during the real\u2010life social interaction than non\u2010AN controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings contribute new knowledge regarding the types of social skills that people with AN may need additional support with to allow them to make greater use of social support in their recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,22]],"date-time":"2018-12-22T12:53:21Z","timestamp":1545483201000},"page":"61-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["An experimental investigation into the use of eye\u2010contact in social interactions in women in the acute and recovered stages of anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, Institute of Education  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"School of Psychotherapy and Psychology Regent's University London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie V.","family":"Watterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychotherapy and Psychology Regent's University London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel D.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychotherapy and Psychology Regent's University London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2307\/2786027","article-title":"Eye\u2010contact, distance and affiliation","volume":"8","author":"Argyle M.","year":"1965","journal-title":"Sociometry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20546"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005653411471"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"The emergence of symbols: Cognition and communication in infancy","author":"Bates E.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016378718278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2012.665479"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01809"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2008.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1989.tb02846.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2014.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"The revised social anhedonia scale","author":"Eckblad M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(85)90026-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","volume-title":"Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders","author":"Fairburn C. 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