{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:49:07Z","timestamp":1787237347065,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R33\u2010MH\u2010097959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33\u2010MH\u2010097959"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This opinion piece offers some considerations, both medical and psychological, for the use of nasogastric tube (NGT) feedings in the treatment of avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although there is empirical support for the use of NGT feedings in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, this evidence base does not exist for the treatment of ARFID. As such, there is need to delineate pragmatic considerations in the use of this procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Issues of medical necessity notwithstanding, we advise that the use of this procedure be considered more cautiously due to the oral sensitivities inherent in many individuals with ARFID and the potential psychological consequences. These sensitivities may make the experience of NGT feedings particularly aversive, with the potential of creating iatrogenic conditioned food aversions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article encourages clinicians to give careful thought and attention when considering NGT feedings in children and adolescents with ARFID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T17:51:29Z","timestamp":1548352289000},"page":"459-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder: First do no harm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Debra K.","family":"Katzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6651-5803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark L.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"CHEO Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2278-5008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Zucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Family Mental Health and Developmental Neuroscience Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10001-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607115577449"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22482"},{"issue":"3160","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1126\/science.122.3160.157","article-title":"Conditioned aversion to saccharin resulting from exposure to gamma radiation","volume":"122","author":"Garcia 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