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The objectives of this study were to determine the association between genetic risk for BMI and weight control behaviors in young adults, and to examine actual measured BMI as a potential mediator variable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from three data collection waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. The BMI polygenic score (PGS) was based on published genome\u2010wide association studies for BMI. BMI was collected at 11\u201318\u2009years and 18\u201326\u2009years. Weight control behaviors included self\u2010reported: (a) weight loss behaviors (dieting, vomiting, fasting\/skipping meals, diet pills, laxatives, or diuretic use to lose weight) and (b) weight gain behaviors (eating more or different foods than normal, taking supplements to gain weight).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 4,397 participants, the BMI PGS was associated with higher odds of weight loss behaviors in females (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.14\u20131.35) and males (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.26\u20131.62), and this association was mediated by BMI (indirect effect 0.04, 95% CI 0.03\u20130.05 in females and 0.03, 95% CI 0.03\u20130.04 in males). The BMI PGS was associated with lower odds of weight gain behaviors in females and males, which was also mediated by actual BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The BMI PGS was associated with weight loss behaviors in both males and females, and this association was mediated by actual measured BMI. Clinical interventions to prevent high BMI, particularly for individuals with genetic risk, may also prevent subsequent development of potentially unhealthy weight loss behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T18:16:22Z","timestamp":1555524982000},"page":"825-833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Genetic risk, body mass index, and weight control behaviors: Unlocking the triad"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Braudt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina"},{"name":"Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin W.","family":"Domingue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Education Stanford University  Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Bibbins\u2010Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea K.","family":"Garber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6366-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart B.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19485565.2014.946591"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2012.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1801238115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-017-0886-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12626"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"Braudt D. 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