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We examined adolescent demographic, behavioral, and mental health predictors of young adult muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating behaviors defined as eating more or differently to gain weight or bulk up, supplements to gain weight or bulk up, or androgenic anabolic steroid use at 7\u2010year follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 14,891 included participants, 22% of males and 5% of females reported any muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating behavior at follow\u2010up in young adulthood. Factors recorded at adolescence that were prospectively associated with higher odds of muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating in both sexes included black race, exercising to gain weight, self\u2010perception of being underweight, and lower body mass index <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score. In addition, participation in weightlifting; roller\u2010blading, roller\u2010skating, skate\u2010boarding, or bicycling; and alcohol among males and depressive symptoms among females during adolescence were associated with higher odds of muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating in young adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interventions to prevent muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating behaviors may target at\u2010risk youth, particularly those of black race or who engage in exercise to gain weight. Future research should examine longitudinal health outcomes associated with muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T16:01:24Z","timestamp":1561046484000},"page":"1380-1388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Predictors of muscularity\u2010oriented disordered eating behaviors in U.S. young adults: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart B.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Bibbins\u2010Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea K.","family":"Garber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6736-7937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah","family":"Mitchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology Macquarie University  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine Western Sydney University  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6366-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2768"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"700.e2","article-title":"Male eating disorder symptom patterns and health correlates from 13 to 26 years of age","volume":"55","author":"Calzo J. 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