{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T14:06:22Z","timestamp":1771509982928,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive biases, such as memory, attention, and interpretation bias, are thought to play a central role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the interpretation bias is ED\u2010specific or can be generalized to comorbid disorder\u2010related threats in women with high levels of ED symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In an online study, we measured interpretation bias using the modified Sentence Word Association Paradigm (SWAP), comparing women with (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=\u200939) and without (sub)threshold eating disorders (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=\u200956). We assessed endorsement and rejection rates as well as reaction times in response to a positive\/neutral or a negative ED\u2010specific, social anxiety\u2010specific (SAD), or generalized anxiety\u2010specific (GAD) interpretive word following an ambiguous sentence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In ambiguous situations, women with high ED symptoms selected more negative (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.001) and fewer positive\/neutral ED\u2010related interpretations (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.001). Negative interpretations were endorsed significantly faster (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.001), while positive interpretations were rejected faster in this group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.001). These women also manifested negative SAD\u2010specific interpretation bias patterns in reaction time measures. Nevertheless, ED severity was best predicted by the endorsement of negative ED\u2010specific stimuli, whereas ED and SAD reaction time measures seemed to have a negligible effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate that the interpretation bias might be ED\u2010specific. The SWAP can be a useful tool for the further investigation of the etiological relevance of the interpretation bias as well as for the development of modification training interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T11:15:37Z","timestamp":1574334937000},"page":"372-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Testing the specificity of interpretation biases in women with eating disorder symptoms: An online experimental assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6217-0852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Korn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9911-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanny A.","family":"Dietel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6251-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea S.","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Department of Human Sciences Osnabr\u00fcck University Osnabr\u00fcck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00060-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2012.662655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-009-9235-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-009-9258-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900017946"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.4.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00021-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-011-9397-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2015.1105792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-015-0060-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x","article-title":"Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm","volume":"39","author":"Dempster A. 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