{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:36:53Z","timestamp":1790501813578,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis compared previously documented inefficiencies in central coherence and set\u2010shifting between people with nonunderweight eating disorders (bulimia nervosa and binge\u2010eating disorder) and people with anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses on 16 studies (1,112 participants) for central coherence and 38 studies (3,505 participants) for set\u2010shifting. Random effects meta\u2010regressions were used to test whether the effect sizes for people with nonunderweight eating disorders were significantly different from the effect sizes for people with anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>People with anorexia nervosa (Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.53, 95% CIs: \u22120.80, \u22120.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and bulimia nervosa (Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.70, 95% CIs: \u22121.14, \u22120.25, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .002), but not binge\u2010eating disorder, had significantly poorer central coherence than healthy controls. Similarly, people with anorexia nervosa (Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.38, 95% CIs: \u22120.50, \u22120.26, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and bulimia nervosa (Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.55, 95% CIs: \u22120.81, \u22120.29, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), but not binge\u2010eating disorder, had significantly poorer set\u2010shifting than healthy controls. The effect sizes for people with nonunderweight eating disorders did not significantly differ from those for people with anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our meta\u2010analysis was underpowered to make definitive judgments about people with binge\u2010eating disorder. However, we found that people with bulimia nervosa clearly have central coherence and set\u2010shifting inefficiencies which do not significantly differ from those observed in people with anorexia nervosa. Clinically, this suggests that people with bulimia nervosa might benefit from adjunctive approaches to address these inefficiencies, such as cognitive remediation therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T09:25:05Z","timestamp":1607678705000},"page":"229-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Central coherence and <scp>set\u2010shifting<\/scp> between <scp>nonunderweight<\/scp> eating disorders and anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and <scp>meta\u2010analysis<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2108-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ella","family":"Keegan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blackbird Initiative, \u00d3rama Research Institute, Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Tchanturia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey D.","family":"Wade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blackbird Initiative, \u00d3rama Research Institute, Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-11-162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2012.704900"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0395-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-018-0608-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709090377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Booth R. D. L.(2006).Local\u2010global processing and cognitive style in autism spectrum disorders and typical development. (Unpublished PhD thesis)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470743386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2004.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Meta\u2010analyses in mental health research: A practical guide","author":"Cuijpers P.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00288"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Danner U. N. &Schr\u00f6der S.(2020).Ongoing genetic study assessing phenotype information. Unpublished raw data."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.08.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000355240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104511401185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043382"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/clin.13.3.303.1744"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21622965.2019.1570198"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-019-0251-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710001303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390600584632"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2019.1687724"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.09.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17470210701508731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2010.551666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","volume-title":"Wisconsin card sorting test manual: Revised and expanded","author":"Heaton R. K.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0119-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.5512.2012366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","first-page":"500","article-title":"Executive functions in anorexia nervosa","volume":"29","author":"J\u00e1uregui\u2010Lobera I.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutricion Hospitalaria"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639108401085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546805.2012.682362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2014.909606"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165467"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22235"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","volume-title":"Neuropsychological assessment","author":"Lezak M. D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22838"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","unstructured":"Lloyd S.(2015).Perfectionism in anorexia nervosa:Performance based evidence the relationship with other features of the disorder familial and treatment aspects(Unpublished PhD thesis)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708003486"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20511"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20324"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-9-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","unstructured":"Numata N.&Nakazato M.(2020).Pre\u2010evaluation for CRT. Unpublished raw data."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"The test of copying a complex figure: A contribution to the study of perception and memory","volume":"30","author":"Osterrieth P.","year":"1944","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Psychologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2019.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2012.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-015-0651-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707009877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.639804"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465820000260"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6709.2018012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617706060528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017661"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00377-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44450-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013887"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315749266"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2522"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2400010304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2233"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e328365a2e7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852915000681"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716000581"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546805.2011.633749"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000294"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23430","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/eat.23430","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23430","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:31:30Z","timestamp":1693553490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.23430"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.23430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23430","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}