{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T17:45:53Z","timestamp":1793036753577,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reviewed the quantitative and qualitative evidence\u2010base for multi\u2010family therapy (MFT) for eating disorders regarding change in physical and psychological symptoms, broader individual and family factors, and the experience of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic scoping review was conducted. Four databases (PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL) and five grey literature databases were searched on 24th June 2021 for relevant peer\u2010reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and dissertations. No beginning time\u2010point was specified. Only papers that presented quantitative or qualitative data were included. No restrictions on age or diagnosis were imposed. Studies were first mapped by study design, participant age, and treatment setting, then narratively synthesized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outcomes for 714 people who received MFT across 27 studies (one mixed\u2010method, 17 quantitative and nine qualitative) were synthesized. MFT is associated with improvements in eating disorder symptomatology and weight gain for those who are underweight. It is also associated with improvements in other individual and family factors including comorbidities, self\u2010esteem, quality of life, and some aspects of the experience of caregiving, although these findings are more mixed. MFT is generally experienced as both helpful and challenging due to the content addressed and intensive group process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MFT is associated with significant improvements in eating disorder symptoms across the lifespan and improvement in broader individual and family factors. The evidence base is small and studies are generally underpowered. Larger, higher\u2010quality studies are needed, as is research investigating the unique contribution of MFT on outcomes, given it is typically an adjunctive treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T10:13:55Z","timestamp":1634811235000},"page":"2095-2120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["<scp>Multi\u2010family<\/scp>\n                    therapy for eating disorders: A systematic scoping review of the quantitative and qualitative findings"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7840-4158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Baudinet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN) King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders (MCCAED) South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8211-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Eisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN) King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders (MCCAED) South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0994-7025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorder Service Westmead Children's Hospital, Sydney Children's Hospital Network  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4900-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mima","family":"Simic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN) King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1335-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN) King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Adult Eating Disorders Service South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, De Crespigny Park  Denmark Hill, London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1986.00185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203841143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.584565"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1985.00398.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck depression inventory\u2010II","author":"Beck A. T.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0037024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00412-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733017739780"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2006.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cook\u2010Darzens S.(2007).Th\u00e9rapies multifamiliales. Toulouse: \u00c9r\u00e8s. Cairn.info.https:\/\/www.cairn.info\/therapies-multifamiliales-9782749207094.htm","DOI":"10.3917\/eres.cook.2007.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-020-0277-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"The provisions of social relationships and adaptation to stress","volume":"1","author":"Cutrona C. E.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Advances in Personal Relationships"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0968(200002)8:1<4::AID-ERV330>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anzf.1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Parental caregiver burden and recovery of adolescent anorexia nervosa after multi\u2010family therapy","volume":"9315161","author":"Dennhag I.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eating Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2556"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","volume-title":"The brief symptom inventory (BSI): Administration, scoring and procedures: Manual II","author":"Derogatis L. R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-1389-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","series-title":"MSc Dissertation","volume-title":"The experiences of adolescents and their parents\/carers with a multi\u2010family therapy Programme for bulimia nervosa","author":"Duarte A. E.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6427.2005.00303.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","unstructured":"Eisler I. Simic M. Blessitt E. Dodge L. &MCCAED Team. (2016).Maudsley Service Manual for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders.https:\/\/mccaed.slam.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Maudsley-Service-Manual-for-Child-and-Adolescent-Eating-Disorders-July-2016.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1129-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2015.1034053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.1983.tb01497.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23441"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"The effect of multiple family therapy on weight gain in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: pilot data","volume":"23","author":"Gabel K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370004500208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.12178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-015-0207-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A User's guide to the general health questionnaire","volume":"1","author":"Goldberg D. P.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Windsor: nferNelson."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867414555814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-020-00341-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.12000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.12231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952997709007004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199005)46:3<306::AID-JCLP2270460310>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-6427.1984.00655.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j..1986.00731.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2015.1042318"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","volume-title":"The Children's depression inventory (CDI)","author":"Kovacs M.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0879(199612)3:4<249::AID-CPP106>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Multiple family therapy","volume":"4","author":"Laqueur H. P.","year":"1964","journal-title":"Current Psychiatric Therapies"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000201935"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","volume-title":"Treatment manual for anorexia nervosa: A family\u2010based approach","author":"Lock J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","volume-title":"Multifamily groups in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders","author":"McFarlane W. R.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6427.2011.00579.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-014-0579-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2017).Eating Disorders (NICE Guideline ng69:https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng69"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-000893"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-020-00205-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800240021004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","unstructured":"Salaminiou E.(2005).Families in multiple family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa: Response to treatment experience and family and individual change (Ph.D. University of London King's College). University of London King's College London UK. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global (301637040).https:\/\/search.proquest.com\/docview\/301637040?accountid=11862"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.12075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X53902"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6427.2005.00304.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-6-28"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003038764"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Family therapy for adolescent eating and weight disorders","author":"Simic M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-020-0285-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Multiple family group treatment for eating disorders: A short term program","volume":"7","author":"Slagerman M.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatric Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","volume-title":"STAI manual for the state trait anxiety inventory","author":"Spielberger C.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multi\u2010family therapy for bulimia nervosa in adolescence: A pilot study in a community eating disorder service","volume":"9315161","author":"Stewart C. S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eating Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2015.1044348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.12.1633"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00785760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21662630.2015.1048478"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429460364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2816"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.12067"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","volume-title":"Multi\u2010family therapy with anorexia nervosa. A treatment manual","author":"Wallin U.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","volume-title":"Multifamiljeterapi vid anorexia nervosa [multifamily therapy of anorexia nervosa]","author":"Wallin U.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(93)90090-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(02)00023-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22876"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jsyt.2019.38.3.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jsyt.2019.38.3.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","first-page":"(pp. 12","volume-title":"Eating Disorders: The family therapy collections, 20","author":"Wooley S. C.","year":"1987"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23616","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/eat.23616","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T03:51:33Z","timestamp":1693194693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.23616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.23616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23616","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}