{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:20:56Z","timestamp":1791303656920,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To map and examine the systematic review evidence base regarding the effects of cognitive\u2010behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders (EDs), especially against active interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review is an extension of an overview of CBT for all health conditions (CBT\u2010O). We identified ED\u2010related systematic reviews from the CBT\u2010O database and performed updated searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychInfo in April 2021 and September 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 44 systematic reviews included (21 meta\u2010analyses) were of varying quality. They focused on \u201chigh intensity\u201d CBT, delivered face\u2010to\u2010face by qualified clinicians, in BN, BED and mixed, not specifically low\u2010weight samples. ED\u2010specific outcomes were studied most, with little consensus on their operationalization. The, often insufficient, reporting of sample characteristics did not allow assessment of the generalizability of findings. The meta\u2010analytic syntheses show that high intensity one\u2010to\u2010one CBT produces better short\u2010term effects than a mix of active controls especially on ED\u2010specific measures for BED, BN, and transdiagnostic samples. There is little evidence favoring group CBT or low intensity CBT against other active interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While this study found evidence consistent with current ED treatment recommendations, it highlighted notable gaps that need to be addressed. There were insufficient data to allow generalizations regarding sex and gender, age, culture and comorbidity and to support CBT in AN samples. The evidence for group CBT and low intensity CBT against active controls is limited, as it is for the longer\u2010term effects of CBT. Our findings identify areas for future innovation and research within CBT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Public Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a comprehensive mapping and quality assessment of the current large systematic review research base regarding the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders (EDs), with a focus on comparisons to other active interventions. By transcending the more limited scope of individual systematic reviews, this overview highlights the gaps in the current evidence base, and thus provides guidance for future research and clinical innovation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T12:10:21Z","timestamp":1667218221000},"page":"295-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders: A map of the systematic review evidence base"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-8251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milla","family":"Kaidesoja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NDORMS University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7963-656X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zafra","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5996-3563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth","family":"Fordham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NDORMS University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105311402244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_4_1","article-title":"Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of anorexia nervosa","volume":"3","author":"Beumont P.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_5_1","volume-title":"Management and outcomes of binge\u2010eating disorder. Comparative effectiveness review No. 160. (prepared by the RTI International\u2013University of North Carolina Evidence\u2010based Practice Center under contract No. 290\u20132012\u201000008\u2010I.) AHRQ publication No. 15(16)\u2010EHC030\u2010EF","author":"Berkman N. D.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_6_1","unstructured":"Berkman N.D. Bulik C.M. Brownley K.A. Lohr K.N. Sedway J.A. Rooks A. &Gartlehner G.(2006).Management of Eating Disorders. Evidence report\/technology assessment No. 135. (Prepared by the RTI International\u2010University of North Carolina Evidence\u2010Based Practice Center under contract No. 290\u201002\u20100016.) AHRQ Publication No. 06\u2010E010. Rockville MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2018.1560240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2022.2109650"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0391-1772.17.01936-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711000381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/028457199440034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00487-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2018.1489162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22744"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000562.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_19_1","unstructured":"Hay P. J. & Claudino A. M. (2010). Bulimia nervosa. BMJ Clinical Evidence 2010 1009."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003909.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867414555814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_23_1","volume":"46","author":"Hay, P. J., Touyz, S., & Sud, R.","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701817832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2018.1427785"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22763"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22850"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S120584"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030299"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3843-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0973134220100303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713002791"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30566-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718003525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy\/bpg024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00461-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002620"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20879"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2010.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700041209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_5_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Eating disorder examination questionnaire","volume":"309","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_6_1","volume-title":"Physiology, psychology and treatment of the eating disorders","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2012.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00088-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_9_1","volume-title":"Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_10_1","first-page":"361","volume-title":"Binge eating: Nature, assessment, and treatment","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta25090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_13_1","volume-title":"Eating disorder inventory\u20103 (EDI\u20103). Professional manual","author":"Garner D. M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01183887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198321)2:2<15::AID-EAT2260020203>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_18_1","volume-title":"Undertaking systematic reviews of research on effectiveness: CRD's guidance for carrying out or commissioning reviews (No 4 (2n))","author":"Khan K. S.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000745"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_22_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2017).Eating disorders: recognition and treatment[NICE guideline no. 69].https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng69"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_23_1","volume-title":"The competencies required to deliver effective cognitive and behavioural therapy for people with depression and with anxiety disorders","author":"Roth A. D.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713000949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22809"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23831","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/eat.23831","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23831","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:20:50Z","timestamp":1740529250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.23831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.23831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23831","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}