{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:51:25Z","timestamp":1790344285046,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08HL159350"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08HL159350"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 MH115184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 MH115184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23DA039800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DA039800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32MH019960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH019960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Eating Disorder Examination\u2010Questionnaire (EDE\u2010Q) is one of the most widely used self\u2010report assessments of eating disorder symptoms. However, evidence indicates potential problems with its original factor structure and associated psychometric properties in a variety of populations, including gender minority populations. The aim of the current investigation was to explore several previously published EDE\u2010Q factor structures and to examine internal consistency and measurement invariance of the best\u2010fitting EDE\u2010Q model in a large community sample of gender minority adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were drawn from 1567 adults (337 transgender men, 180 transgender women, and 1050 gender\u2010expansive individuals) who participated in The PRIDE Study, a large\u2010scale longitudinal cohort study of sexual and gender minorities from the United States. A series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted to explore the fit of eight proposed EDE\u2010Q models; internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas, Omega coefficients) and measurement invariance (multi\u2010group CFA) were subsequently evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A brief seven\u2010item, three\u2010factor (dietary restraint, shape\/weight overvaluation, body dissatisfaction) model of the EDE\u2010Q consistently evidenced the best fit across gender minority groups (transgender men, transgender women, gender\u2010expansive individuals). The internal consistencies of the three subscales were adequate in all groups, and measurement invariance across the groups was supported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Taken together, these findings support the use of the seven\u2010item, three\u2010factor version of the EDE\u2010Q for assessing eating disorder symptomatology in gender minority populations. Future studies can confirm the current findings in focused examinations of the seven\u2010item, three\u2010factor EDE\u2010Q in diverse gender minority samples across race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and age ranges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Public Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although transgender individuals have greater risk of developing an eating disorder, the factor structure of the Eating Disorder Examination\u2010Questionnaire, one of the most widely used eating disorder assessment measures, has not been explored in transgender adults. We found that a seven\u2010item model including three factors of dietary restraint, shape and weight overvaluation, and body dissatisfaction had the best fit among transgender and nonbinary adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:59:24Z","timestamp":1683766764000},"page":"1570-1580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Investigating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the\n                    <scp>Eating Disorder Examination\u2010Questionnaire<\/scp>\n                    (\n                    <scp>EDE\u2010Q<\/scp>\n                    ) in a community sample of gender minority adults from the\n                    <scp>United States<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6803-5950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio J.","family":"Compte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Behavior Research Center, School of Psychology Universidad Adolfo Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Research Department Comenzar de Nuevo Treatment Center  Monterrey Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0522-2748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. Hunter","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brown School Washington University in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Auburn University  Auburn Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9853-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Lavender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Program (MiCOR), Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"The Metis Foundation  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart B.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Capriotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology San Jos\u00e9 State University  San Jose California USA"},{"name":"The PRIDE Study\/PRIDEnet Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annesa","family":"Flentje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PRIDE Study\/PRIDEnet Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Systems University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Alliance Health Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micah E.","family":"Lubensky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PRIDE Study\/PRIDEnet Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Systems University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell R.","family":"Lunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PRIDE Study\/PRIDEnet Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juno","family":"Obedin\u2010Maliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PRIDE Study\/PRIDEnet Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02294359"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2011.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EAT.20675"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"157","volume-title":"CFA model revision and comparison","author":"Brown T. A.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20681"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701301834"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0902_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23075"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803457-6.00014-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2021.101544"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23853"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2015.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0043"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00038-012-0416-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","unstructured":"Epskamp S. Stuber S. Nak J. Veenman M. &Jorgensen T. D.(2022).semPlot: Path diagrams and visual analysis of various SEM packages\u2019 output(1.1.6).https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=semPlot"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Eating disorder examination questionnaire","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199412)16:4<363::AID-EAT2260160405>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00088-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/MPR.1389"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119579038.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23167"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S11695-012-0840-8\/TABLES\/3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22358"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029597"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v056.i06"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","unstructured":"Jorgensen T. D. Pornprasertmanit S. Schoemann A. M. &Rosseel Y.(2018).SemTools: Useful tools for structural equation modeling. R package version 0.5\u20101.https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/package=semTools"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","unstructured":"Kelley K. &Lai K.(2012).MBESS: MBESS. R package version 3.3.2.http:\/\/cran.rproject.org\/package=MBESS"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/sgd0000472"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EAT.23488"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2014-031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000339"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/S13428-015-0619-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216282"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocz082"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23275"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2016.1202375"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2022.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S40337-020-00352-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101381"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S11205-018-1950-Z\/FIGURES\/6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","volume-title":"Psychometric theory","author":"Nunnally J.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","unstructured":"Pennings C. &Wojciechowski F. L.(2004).Kort instrumenteel De Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE\u2010Q): Nederlandse normscores voor anorexiapati\u00ebnten en een nieteetstoornis controlegroep. PsycNET.https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/2005-00059-004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.10.1450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EAT.20373"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/sgd0000386"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191117738046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","unstructured":"Revelle W.(2018).Psych: Procedures for personality and psychological research."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2003.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23226"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/sgd0000081"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EAT.20526"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Z. &Yuan K.\u2010H.(2018).Practical statistical power analysis using webpower and R.","DOI":"10.35566\/power"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.23978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T06:08:44Z","timestamp":1691820524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.23978"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.23978"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.23978","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}