{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:23:35Z","timestamp":1789665815311,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH112867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH112867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH123910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH123910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R34MH129464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R34MH129464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32MH082761"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH082761"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016868","name":"University of Minnesota Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Novel treatments for adults with anorexia nervosa (AN) are sorely needed. Although psychological interventions have been developed for AN, none have been identified as superior to one another or nonspecific treatments. Common comorbidities (e.g., mood and anxiety disorders) are rarely targeted in AN treatments, possibly impairing long\u2010term clinical improvement. AN is associated with reward processing dysfunctions paralleling those identified in affective disorders; however, few treatments directly target these processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We adapted Positive Affect Treatment, a neuroscience\u2010informed behavioral treatment developed for affective disorders, to the treatment of AN (PAT\u2010AN). Adults with AN (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920) were randomized to 20\u2009weeks of PAT\u2010AN or waitlist to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, preliminary efficacy, and target engagement (on reward mechanisms) of PAT\u2010AN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PAT\u2010AN demonstrated strong retention (100%) and acceptability ratings (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095.67\u20135.95 on a 7\u2010point scale). BMI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.006) and eating disorder symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) improved over PAT\u2010AN sessions. The PAT\u2010AN group showed medium to large pre\u2010to\u2010post\u2010treatment improvements in BMI, eating disorder symptoms and impairment, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and some reward indices (<jats:italic>ds<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.56\u2013.87); changes were largely sustained at 3\u2010month follow\u2010up. Waitlist showed negligible changes (<jats:italic>ds<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.20) on nearly all measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>PAT\u2010AN holds promise as an innovative treatment with capability to simultaneously improve eating disorder symptoms, affective symptoms, and underlying reward mechanisms. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to small sample size and permitted concurrent enrollment in other treatments. Future, larger\u2010scale research is warranted to establish the efficacy of PAT\u2010AN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Public Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provided a preliminary evaluation of Positive Affect Treatment for anorexia nervosa (PAT\u2010AN), a novel, neuroscience\u2010informed treatment aimed at increasing rewarding life experiences outside of one's eating disorder. Initial results suggest that PAT\u2010AN is considered acceptable and may alleviate eating disorder, depressive, and anxiety symptoms. Therefore, this study presents promising data on a treatment that may hold potential for improving the lives of individuals with this disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T01:33:29Z","timestamp":1697074409000},"page":"1253-1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A randomized, controlled pilot study of positive affect treatment adapted for anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2548-1731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann F.","family":"Haynos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5535-1498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7183-3160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Autumn J.","family":"Askew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego State University\/University of California  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chassidie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Venables","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle G.","family":"Craske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9152-4552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol B.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beck A. 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