{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:23:21Z","timestamp":1787315001451,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/V003283\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/V003283\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Food avoidance is central to patients with anorexia nervosa\u2010restrictive type (AN\u2010R). Competing accounts in experimental psychopathology research suggest that food avoidance may result from automatic, habitual responses or from elevated inhibitory control abilities. This study investigated behavioral trajectories of food avoidance in a novel virtual reality stopping task.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty patients with AN\u2010R and 29 healthy controls with normal weight were investigated using a novel, kinematic task in virtual reality. We recorded spatial displacement in stop\u2010 and go\u2010trials to virtual food and control objects. Inhibitory control abilities were operationalized by the VR task in stopping performance (i.e., interrupted movement in stop\u2010trials), whereas we also measured habitual avoidance of virtual food across both go\u2010 and stop\u2010trials (i.e., delayed movement relative to nonfood objects).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with AN\u2010R, hand displacements were shorter to food versus nonfood across stop\u2010 and go\u2010trials, reflected in a Stimulus \u00d7 Group interaction. Healthy controls showed no differences. Importantly, the food\u2010specific effect in AN\u2010R was identical across stop\u2010 and go\u2010trials, indicating habitual food avoidance. Moreover, stop error rates (i.e., stop\u2010trials with response) were lower in patients with AN\u2010R.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest food\u2010specific habitual avoidance and heightened generalized inhibitory control in AN\u2010R. The continuously delayed displacements during active hand movements across stop\u2010 and go\u2010trials indicated the persistence of patients' avoidance of food.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Public Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental research investigates the mechanisms underlying mental disorders such as anorexia nervosa. In this study, we measured interrupted hand movements in response to food pictures or neutral pictures (shoes) in patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls. A virtual reality scenario was used. Findings indicated that patients were slower at approaching food, interrupted or not. Key mechanisms of food avoidance can be translated into habit\u2010based treatment options in future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T02:05:27Z","timestamp":1706061927000},"page":"624-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Persistent avoidance of virtual food in anorexia nervosa\u2010restrictive type: Results from motion tracking in a virtual stopping task"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9941-6086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp A.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology &amp; Psychotherapy University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6730-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Collantoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Padova  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0016-1237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Meregalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Padova  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3724-7337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Rabarbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7498-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Simonazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9819-4752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Svaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology &amp; Psychotherapy University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7763-7099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Cardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova  Padova Italy"},{"name":"King's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology &amp; Neuroscience  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.(2013).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(5th ed.).https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Bache S. 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