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Less is known about the medical comorbidity\/complication frequencies in youth with ARFID. We evaluated the medical comorbidities and metabolic\/nutritional markers among female and male youth with full\/subthreshold ARFID across the weight spectrum compared with healthy controls (HC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In youth with full\/subthreshold ARFID (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009100; 49% female) and HC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200958; 78% female), we assessed self\u2010reported medical comorbidities via clinician interview and explored abnormalities in metabolic (lipid panel and high\u2010sensitive C\u2010reactive protein [hs\u2010CRP]) and nutritional (25[OH] vitamin D, vitamin B12, and folate) markers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Youth with ARFID, compared with HC, were over 10 times as likely to have self\u2010reported gastrointestinal conditions (37% vs. 3%; OR\u2009=\u200921.2; 95% CI\u2009=\u20096.2\u2013112.1) and over two times as likely to have self\u2010reported immune\u2010mediated conditions (42% vs. 24%; OR\u2009=\u20092.3; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.1\u20134.9). ARFID, compared with HC, had a four to five times higher frequency of elevated triglycerides (28% vs. 12%; OR\u2009=\u20094.0; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.7\u201310.5) and hs\u2010CRP (17% vs. 4%; OR\u2009=\u20095.0; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.4\u201327.0) levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010reported gastrointestinal and certain immune comorbidities were common in ARFID, suggestive of possible bidirectional risk\/maintenance factors. Elevated cardiovascular risk markers in ARFID may be a consequence of limited dietary variety marked by high carbohydrate and sugar intake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T06:15:09Z","timestamp":1719555309000},"page":"2167-2175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Medical Comorbidities, Nutritional Markers, and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Youth With\n                    <scp>ARFID<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2059-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Burton\u2010Murray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Center for Neurointestinal Health, Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aluma Chovel","family":"Sella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia E.","family":"Gydus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micaela","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Center for Neurointestinal Health, Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilian P.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan C.","family":"Kuhnle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8946-9977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kendra R.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2439-6519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Breithaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn S.","family":"Brigham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1205-7114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Aulinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau IR\u2010SANTPAU  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER Unidad 747), ISCIII  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Vic \u2013 Central University of Catalonia  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Staller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Center for Neurointestinal Health, Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1586-0930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamryn T.","family":"Eddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9405-2981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhusmita","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Eating Disorders Research Collaborative  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Micali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Center for Eating and Feeding Disorders Research, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. 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