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However, the directionality of relations between these variables remains under\u2010characterized, particularly within treatment settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used bivariate latent change score models to explore longitudinal associations between anxiety and ED symptoms in a sample of ED patients (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009548, 93.2% female, <jats:italic>Mage<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921.16, 78.8% White, 79.6% Non\u2010Hispanic\/Latinx) throughout intensive treatment and at 6\u2010 and 12\u2010month follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Best\u2010fitting models exploring change in each variable independently (i.e., univariate models) suggested that changes in ED and anxiety symptoms decreased over time, but that change was influenced by an individual's symptom severity at the previous timepoint. Models exploring associations between changes in both variables over time (i.e., bivariate latent change score models) suggested the best fit for a model where both anxiety and ED symptoms at one timepoint were associated with later change in the other. Specifically, parameters within these models suggested that higher levels of anxiety were associated with increased subsequent reductions in ED symptoms, whereas elevations in ED symptoms were associated with decreased later reductions in anxiety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that anxiety and ED symptoms are intricately related both within and outside of intensive treatment. Future multi\u2010modal research exploring real\u2010time links between anxiety and ED symptoms throughout treatment is critical to extend this work and inform improvements in targeted, mechanistic interventions for this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T11:54:45Z","timestamp":1731758085000},"page":"336-348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring Reciprocal Associations Between Self\u2010Reported Anxiety and Eating Disorder Symptoms Longitudinally: A\u00a0Bivariate Latent Change Score Approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9269-0747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin E.","family":"Reilly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7349-7228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Auburn University  Auburn Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"DeJesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division Virginia Boston Healthcare System  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Dyson College of Arts and Sciences Pace University  New York City New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4478-4906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter H.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorders Treatment and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry University of California  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4843-1809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina E.","family":"Wierenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorders Treatment and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry University of California  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2015.1042319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.652604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20102909.107.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124192021002005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101851"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2022.100964"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000477"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.093008.100356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Applied Missing Data Analysis","author":"Enders C. 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