{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:41:14Z","timestamp":1790775674981,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, to compare body checking behaviors among boys and men with probable muscle dysmorphia or probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa vs. those with neither. Second, to determine whether there is a difference in body checking behaviors between boys and men with probable muscle dysmorphia vs. probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from The Study of Boys and Men (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091153), a sample of boys and men ages 15\u201335 from Canada and the United States, were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa and Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ) total score and subscale scores. Post hoc Wald tests were used to compare MBCQ scores between participants with probable muscle dysmorphia vs. those with probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with probable muscle dysmorphia or probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa had higher scores on the MBCQ compared to those who had neither condition in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. No significant differences were found in MBCQ scores between those with probable muscle dysmorphia and probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides additional evidence that body checking behaviors are similar between boys and men with probable muscle dysmorphia and probable anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa, highlighting the clinical and theoretical overlap between these conditions among boys and men. Assessment and treatment of muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa\/atypical anorexia nervosa should include body checking behaviors, specifically those focused on muscularity and leanness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T15:44:25Z","timestamp":1741707865000},"page":"964-976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Body Checking Behaviors Among Boys and Men With Muscle Dysmorphia, Anorexia Nervosa, and Atypical Anorexia Nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3889-3716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyle T.","family":"Ganson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Factor\u2010Inwentash Faculty of Social Work University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management, Policy and Community Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2582-4220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel F.","family":"Rodgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Psychology Northeastern University  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Emergency &amp; Acute Care Lapeyronie Hospital  Montpellier France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation Clinique, H\u00f4pital du Cotentin  Cherbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart B.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24246"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2020.1814968"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33309\/2639\u20109113.010107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-080921-074125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22677"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465805002730"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2013.842141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Eating Disorders","author":"Fairburn C. 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