{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:50:55Z","timestamp":1780318255751,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the impact of the COVID\u201019 pandemic on incidence rates of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) in Dutch primary care by comparing pre\u2010pandemic (2015\u20132019) and in\u2010pandemic (2020\u20132022) periods. We hypothesized that the incidence of AN and BN would increase during the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study used data from general practitioners' electronic health records from the Nivel Primary Care Database, representing ~0.8% of the Dutch population. Incident AN and BN cases were identified using DSM\u20105 criteria. Incidence rates (IR) per 100,000 person\u2010years were calculated and compared using incidence rate ratios (IRRs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall incidence rates of AN and BN did not increase significantly during the pandemic (AN: IRR\u2009=\u20091.2, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.8\u20131.8; BN: IRR\u2009=\u20090.9, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.5\u20131.8). Non\u2010significant increases in AN were observed among females overall (+29%, IRR\u2009=\u20091.3, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.9\u20132.0) and among 10\u2010 to 14\u2010year\u2010old females (+28%, IRR\u2009=\u20091.3, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.4\u20133.7). The BN incidence decreased significantly among females aged 20\u201324\u2009years from 53.8 to 10.7 per 100,000 person\u2010years (IRR\u2009=\u20090.2, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.0\u20130.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find increased incidence rates during the pandemic. The overall incidence of AN among females increased non\u2010significantly by 29%. The previously observed rising trend in AN among 10\u2010 to 14\u2010year\u2010old females in 1985\u20132019 did not have a significant sequel into the pandemic era, although it increased by 28%. The BN incidence remained stable overall and decreased significantly among young adult females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T03:01:09Z","timestamp":1743217269000},"page":"1155-1164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of the <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 Pandemic on the Incidence of Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa in Dutch Primary Care"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4855-1576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Meier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2956-059X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"van Hoeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5834-6595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. C. M.","family":"Kager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Sentinel Practices  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7847-296X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. E.","family":"van Eeden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3925-3913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. J.","family":"Oldehinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6353-5465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. W.","family":"Hoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0164"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018","author":"Anderson M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022\u2010057176"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337\u2010020\u201000319\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337\u2010022\u201000603\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2020.1790271"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016\u20102592"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337\u2010021\u201000394\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337\u2010024\u201000992\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23704"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Donker G. 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