{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T08:27:16Z","timestamp":1791966436179,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56MH129437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56MH129437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MH124871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH124871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003748","name":"Svenska S\u00e4llskapet f\u00f6r Medicinsk Forskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG\u201022\u20100478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\u201022\u20100478"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2023\u20100101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2023\u20100101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to DSM\u20105\u2010TR, avoidant\/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) cannot be diagnosed alongside anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or any other body image disturbance. This does not accurately reflect real\u2010world symptomatology and recent research, indicating the potential need to revise DSM\u20105\u2010TR Criteria. We investigated the co\u2010occurrence of weight\u2010 and\/or shape\u2010motivated restriction (WSR) in adults who screened positive for ARFID, providing evidence to inform such changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sample comprised 5747 adults who consented to participate in the ARFID\u2010Genes and Environment (ARFID\u2010GEN) research study, screened positive for ARFID on the NIAS and PARDI\u2010AR\u2010Q, and completed the EDE\u2010Q. We placed our participants into four groups: groups one and two screened positive for AN (ARFID\u2010AN;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009147) or BN (ARFID\u2010BN;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009193), group three endorsed WSR without meeting AN or BN criteria (ARFID\u2010WSR;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092159), and group four endorsed ARFID symptoms only (ARFID\u2010nWSR;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093248). We used generalized linear models to test group differences on the NIAS, PARDI\u2010AR\u2010Q, and EDE\u2010Q.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Where significant differences were present, ARFID\u2010nWSR demonstrated\n                      <jats:italic>lower<\/jats:italic>\n                      scores than all other groups across ARFID dimensions on the NIAS and PARDI\u2010AR\u2010Q, and lower odds of meeting DSM\u20105\u2010TR Criteria A1 to A3 (i.e., weight loss; nutritional deficiencies; dependence on nutritional supplements).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate a mixed phenotype with features of both ARFID and WSR associated with more severe\u00a0ARFID symptomatology. The DSM\u20105\u2010TR Criteria may not capture complex real\u2010world symptomatology in adults with probable ARFID, potentially precluding those with the most severe symptoms from receiving accurate diagnoses and appropriate care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.70011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T09:51:14Z","timestamp":1764841874000},"page":"560-573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Co\u2010Occurring Weight\u2010 and\/or Shape\u2010Motivated Restriction in 5747 Adults With Probable Avoidant\/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7249-4772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liv","family":"Hog","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4207-1823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey M.","family":"MacDermod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2284-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer P.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology State University of New York at Albany  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3997-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica H.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3541-1101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerry","family":"Guintivano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4519-3120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8088-8254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelby N.","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3296-5304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily M.","family":"Pisetsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5571-2273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Micali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Eating and Feeding Disorders Research, Mental Health Center Ballerup Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Mental Health Services CPH  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans Copenhagen University Hospital \u2010 Mental Health Services  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7772-3264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia M.","family":"Bulik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9384-7988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura M.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina 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