{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:03:56Z","timestamp":1788966236047,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH128246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH128246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24MH135189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24MH135189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH125143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH125143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1TR004408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1TR004408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurocognitive deficits are well\u2010documented across psychiatric disorders and may indicate novel treatment targets. However, empirical data on the neurocognitive profile of avoidant\/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) are lacking. To address this gap, this study examined three core neurocognitive domains altered in other eating disorders\u2014cognitive flexibility, delay discounting, and detail orientation\u2014in adults with ARFID and healthy controls (HCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adults (18\u201345\u2009years) with ARFID (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200949) and HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921) completed computerized tasks assessing cognitive flexibility (Category Switch Task), delay discounting (Delay Discounting Task), and detail orientation (Navon Task). We hypothesized that, relative to HCs, adults with ARFID would show poorer cognitive flexibility, steeper delay discounting, and greater detail orientation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to HCs, adults with ARFID showed larger response\u2010time switch costs (\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20099456,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023) but smaller error\u2010rate switch costs (\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096832,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044). Consequently, set\u2010shifting efficiency did not differ between groups (inverse efficiency score switch costs:\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009537,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.672), indicating an accuracy\u2010over\u2010speed strategy supporting cognitive flexibility in ARFID. No group differences emerged in delay discounting (\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009618,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.091) or detail orientation (\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098016,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.938). Regression analyses indicated that ARFID phenotype severity explained variance in task performance: greater fear of aversive consequences was associated with better set\u2010shifting (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005), and greater lack of interest with reduced delay discounting (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contrary to expectations, adults with ARFID matched HCs in overall cognitive flexibility efficiency by strategically slowing responses, challenging assumptions of innate cognitive rigidity. Future research should test whether interventions that increase processing speed while preserving accuracy could improve everyday adaptability and eating behaviors in ARFID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.70077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:46:53Z","timestamp":1774928813000},"page":"1588-1598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neurocognitive Profile of Avoidant\/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Cognitive Flexibility, Delay Discounting, and Detail Orientation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1130-964X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iman K.","family":"McPherson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts 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