{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:46:08Z","timestamp":1786117568922,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31MH131262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31MH131262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Negative affect is a primary antecedent for binge eating (BE). Just\u2010in\u2010time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) prompt the use of therapy skills when at risk for maladaptive behaviors. JITAIs show promise for improving emotion regulation skill use and decreasing BE. Identifying momentary negative affect has relied on ecological momentary assessment (EMA). EMA surveys are typically delivered 4\u20136\u2009times\/day via smartphone and are self\u2010report; accordingly, EMA is limited by temporal granularity, participant insight, and adherence. Wearable sensors which continuously, passively measure physiological correlates of affect may be able to detect risk for negative affect\u2010related BE while overcoming limitations of EMA. This study compared machine learning models using EMA\u2010 and sensor\u2010measured negative affect to predict BE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty adults with recurrent BE wore smartwatches to measure heart rate and electrodermal activity and reported affect and BE on EMA for 4\u2009weeks (preregistration:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2023\/1\/e47098\/\">https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2023\/1\/e47098\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ). Support vector machines, random forest, and neural network models were trained using the first 3\u2009weeks and evaluated using the last week of EMA data, sensor data, and combined EMA and sensor data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The best\u2010performing EMA\u2010only model for predicting BE had macro\u2010averaged accuracy of 0.64 (AUROC\u2009=\u20090.69, sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.47, specificity\u2009=\u20090.81), the sensor\u2010only model had macro\u2010averaged accuracy of 0.64 (AUROC\u2009=\u20090.78, sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.92, specificity\u2009=\u20090.35), and the combined model had macro\u2010averaged accuracy of 0.61 (AUROC\u2009=\u20090.68, sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.90, specificity\u2009=\u20090.33); model macro\u2010averaged accuracies did not significantly differ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychophysiological sensor data demonstrate comparable accuracy to EMA for predicting BE, setting the stage for low\u2010burden JITAIs targeting negative affect\u2010related BE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.70107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:33:50Z","timestamp":1777455230000},"page":"1800-1813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Detecting Binge Eating Risk With Naturalistic Data and Machine Learning: A Comparative Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Emily K.","family":"Presseller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Technology and Behavioral Health Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine  Lebanon New Hampshire USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Science Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine  Lebanon New Hampshire USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine  Lebanon New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Gable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of Delaware  Newark Delaware USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2736-2303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Manasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Healthcare Delivery Science Nemours Children's Health  Wilmington Delaware USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne S.","family":"Juarascio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Research Institute  Springfield Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787\u2010011\u20100231\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"American Heart Association.2015.\u201cAll About Heart Rate (Pulse).\u201dhttps:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health\u2010topics\/high\u2010blood\u2010pressure\/the\u2010facts\u2010about\u2010high\u2010blood\u2010pressure\/all\u2010about\u2010heart\u2010rate\u2010pulse."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/41513"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Avicenna Research.2025.\u201cAvicenna. In.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22770"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029703"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20931"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097\u20104679(200102)57:2<243::aid\u2010jclp9>3.0.co;2\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boser B. E. I. M.Guyon andV. N.Vapnik.1992.\u201cA Training Algorithm for Optimal Margin Classifiers. Fifth Annual Workshop on Computational Learning Theory.\u201d","DOI":"10.1145\/130385.130401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0278\u20107393.18.2.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1087165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021\u2010843x.101.2.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibab123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366\u2010022\u201001250\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2014.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Deloitte Access Economics.2020.\u201cSocial and Economic Cost of Eating Disorders in the US: A Report for the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorders and the Academy for Eating Disorders.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\/striped\/report\u2010economic\u2010costs\u2010of\u2010eating\u2010disorders\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2024.2336998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15948"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.0139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Eating Disorders","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"Fairburn C. G. Z.Cooper andM.O'Connor.2014.\u201cEating Disorder Examination (Edition 17.0D).\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469\u20108986.2003.00131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.630426"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818775757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03091902.2011.601784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102105\u201011\u2010447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21155015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387.ch5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Statistical Learning With Applications in R","author":"James G.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40101\u2010019\u20100209\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40101\u2010015\u20100063\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/18261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.104698"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01454455221109434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/38479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-015-0842-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912\u2010025\u201003432\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10010105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2010.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315108230"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105320947806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","volume-title":"Addressing Challenges in Validating Prediction Models Based on Longitudinal Data","author":"Langener A. M.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2018.1427785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","unstructured":"Lunardon A. G.Menardi andN.Torelli.2021.\u201cRandom Over\u2010Sampling Examples.\u201dIn CRAN.https:\/\/cran.r\u2010project.org\/web\/packages\/ROSE\/ROSE.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010013\u20100379\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097\u20104679(200102)57:2<183::aid\u2010jclp5>3.0.co;2\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2010.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.70006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/11398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/47098"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23695"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22464"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","volume-title":"Shifted Autonomic Indices Prior to Loss\u2010Of\u2010Control Eating: A Possible Biomarker Eating Disorders","author":"Ranzenhofer L. M.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-016-0037-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026241280728"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u2010006X.75.4.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021\u2010843x.110.1.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/49512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022106297301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ab310a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-227410-5\/00837-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/OnlineFirst\/122212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802\u2010017\u20100365\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2021.101509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2005.00503.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.70107","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/eat.70107","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eat.70107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:06:07Z","timestamp":1786025167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eat.70107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eat.70107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.70107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0276-3478","1098-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0276-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}