{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:07:45Z","timestamp":1788847665761,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 MD019314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 MD019314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2 TR002015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2 TR002015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Eating Disorders"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For multiple disorders,\n                      <jats:italic>DSM\u20105\u2010TR<\/jats:italic>\n                      criteria include \u201crecurrent\u201d engagement in behaviors\u2014for example, in the criteria for binge\u2010eating disorder (BED), \u201cbinge eating is not associated with the recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behavior.\u201d\u2014without operationalizing how frequently a behavior needs to occur to be considered \u201crecurrent.\u201d This lack of specificity may be particularly problematic in diagnosing BED; BED shares features with bulimia nervosa (BN) but is differentiated based on lack of \u201crecurrent\u201d ICB engagement. Some treatments (e.g., behavioral weight loss) may be recommended for BED but are contraindicated for BN, making accurate diagnosis critical. We sought to determine what frequency of past\u2010month inappropriate compensatory behaviors (ICBs) best distinguishes BED from BN.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      850 treatment\u2010seeking adolescents and adults (76% female, M\n                      <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u200929) completed eating disorder and comorbid symptom questionnaires at program admission from 2020 to 2024. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Trees derived which ICB frequencies best distinguished diagnoses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SEM Tree analyses yielded four subgroups: past\u2010month ICB frequency 0 (ICB0;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009349); frequency 1\u201325 (ICB1;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009307); frequency 26\u201355 (ICB2;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009143); and frequency &gt;\u200956 (ICB3;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200951). ICB0 differed from higher frequency groups on 11\/12 clinical characteristics, ICB1 differed from higher frequency groups on 11\/12 characteristics, and ICB2 differed from ICB3 on 1\/12 characteristics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings suggest one past\u2010month ICB may appropriately distinguish between BED and BN, though it remains unclear how fasting may impact this categorization. While more research is needed,\n                      <jats:italic>DSM<\/jats:italic>\n                      's diagnostic criteria may require revision to specify that the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>any<\/jats:italic>\n                      past\u2010month vomiting, laxative use, or maladaptive exercise should preclude a BED diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.70201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:35:17Z","timestamp":1788845717000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Empirically Defining \u201cRecurrent\u201d Inappropriate Compensatory Behaviors: Differentiating Binge Eating Disorder From Bulimia Nervosa\u2010Spectrum Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3057-6812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie R.","family":"Abber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego Health  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8349-9825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan V.","family":"Blalock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0423-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renee D.","family":"Rienecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9598-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip S.","family":"Mehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8697-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7798-0612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie","family":"Manwaring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryrose","family":"Bauschka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4492-0476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eating Recovery Center\/Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center  Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry 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