{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T20:00:16Z","timestamp":1782331216888,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evid.\u2010Based Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uncorrected developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is associated with long term morbidity such as gait abnormalities, chronic pain and degenerative arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the effect of different screening programmes for DDH on the incidence of late presentation of congenital hip dislocation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Searches were performed in CENTRAL (<jats:italic>The Cochrane Library<\/jats:italic>), MEDLINE and EMBASE (January 2011) supplemented by searches of clinical trial registries, conference proceedings, cross references and contacting expert informants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomised, quasi\u2010randomised or cluster trials comparing the effectiveness of screening programmes for DDH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three independent review authors assessed study eligibility and quality, and extracted data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No study examined the effect of screening (clinical and\/or ultrasound) and early treatment versus not screening and later treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>One study reported universal ultrasound compared to clinical examination alone did not result in a significant reduction in late diagnosed DDH or surgery but was associated with a significant increase in treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>One study reported targeted ultrasound compared to clinical examination alone did not result in a significant reduction in late diagnosed DDH or surgery, with no significant difference in rate of treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Meta\u2010analysis of two studies found universal ultrasound compared to targeted ultrasound did not result in a significant reduction in late diagnosed DDH or surgery. There was heterogeneity between studies reporting the effect on treatment rate.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Meta\u2010analysis of two studies found delayed ultrasound and targeted splinting compared to immediate splinting of infants with unstable (but not dislocated) hips resulted in no significant difference in the rate of late diagnosed DDH. Both studies reported a significant reduction in treatment with use of delayed ultrasound and targeted splinting.<\/jats:p><jats:p>One study reported delayed ultrasound and targeted splinting compared to immediate splinting of infants with mild hip dysplasia on ultrasound resulted in no significant difference in late diagnosed DDH but a significant reduction in treatment. No infants in either group received surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Authors' conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is insufficient evidence to give clear recommendations for practice. There is inconsistent evidence that universal ultrasound results in a significant increase in treatment compared to the use of targeted ultrasound or clinical examination alone. Neither of the ultrasound strategies have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes including late diagnosed DDH and surgery. The studies are substantially underpowered to detect significant differences in the uncommon event of late detected DDH or surgery. For infants with unstable hips or mildly dysplastic hips, use of delayed ultrasound and targeted splinting reduces treatment without significantly increasing the rate of late diagnosed DDH or surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Screening methods for dislocated or improperly formed hips in newborn infants<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p>The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. Newborns may have hips that are not in their socket (dislocated) or hips that are improperly formed (dysplasia). Risk factors for hip dysplasia include a family history of a similar problem and female infants delivered in the breech position. The hips of most newborns will be examined clinically after birth and during infancy to determine whether they are stable, unstable or dislocated. Screening for hip dysplasia may prevent the need for late treatment, which is associated with long term hip deformity, gait disturbance and arthritis. However, early screening leads to increased treatment. Treatment may be complicated by damage to the hip due to impairment of the blood supply (avascular necrosis).<\/jats:p><jats:p>This review found no studies that compared the benefits and costs of early screening versus not screening for hip problems. Studies that compared the addition of ultrasound to clinical examination reported that when ultrasound was performed on all infants, the rate of treatment increased with no significant difference in rate of late detected dysplasia or surgery. Targeted ultrasound to infants at high risk of hip dysplasia did not significantly increase the rate of treatment but also did not significantly reduce the rate of late detected dysplasia or surgery. It is not possible to give clear recommendations for hip screening of newborn infants from the available evidence.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Where infants are clinically detected as having unstable but not dislocated hips, or are detected on ultrasound to have mild hip dysplasia, there is evidence that delaying treatment by two to eight weeks reduces the need for treatment without a significant increase in late diagnosed dysplasia or surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ebch.1891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T19:26:00Z","timestamp":1357759560000},"page":"11-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":196,"title":["Cochrane Review: Screening programmes for developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborn infants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Damon","family":"Shorter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","unstructured":"References to studies included in this review"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","unstructured":"Elbourne 2002 {published data only}"},{"issue":"360","key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","first-page":"9350","article-title":"Ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of developmental hip dysplasia (UK Hip Trial): clinical and economic results of a multicentre randomised controlled trial","author":"Elbourne D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"90","key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The hip trial: psychosocial consequences for mothers of using ultrasound to manage infants with developmental hip dysplasia","author":"Gardner F","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Edition"},{"issue":"87","key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Economic evaluation of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of developmental hip dysplasia in the United Kingdom and Ireland","author":"Gray A","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","unstructured":"Gardiner 1990 {published data only}"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Radiological assessment of the effects of splinting on early hip development: results from a randomised controlled trial of abduction splinting vs sonographic surveillance","author":"Gardiner HM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatric Radiology"},{"issue":"336","key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","first-page":"8730","article-title":"Controlled trial of immediate splinting versus ultrasonographic surveillance in congenitally dislocatable hips","author":"Gardiner HM","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","unstructured":"Holen 2002 {published data only}"},{"issue":"84","key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Universal or selective screening of the neonatal hip using ultrasound? A prospective, randomised trial of 15,529 newborn infants","author":"Holen KJ","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Ultrasound screening for hip dysplasia in newborns","author":"Holen KJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","unstructured":"Rosendahl 1994 {published data only}"},{"issue":"85","key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Developmental dysplasia of the hip. A population\u2010based comparison of ultrasound and clinical findings","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"94","key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in the neonate: the effect on treatment ate and prevalence of late cases","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"149","key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Cost\u2010effectiveness of alternative screening strategies for developmental dysplasia of the hip","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"1995","journal-title":"Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","unstructured":"Rosendahl 2010 {published data only}"},{"issue":"125","key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immediate treatment versus sonographic surveillance for mild hip dysplasia in newborns","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_19_1","unstructured":"References to studies excluded from this review"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_20_1","unstructured":"Bache 2002 {published data only}"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_16_21_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip: ultrasonographic findings in the neonatal period","author":"Bache CE","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. Part B"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_22_1","unstructured":"Baronciani 1997 {published data only}"},{"issue":"99","key":"e_1_2_16_23_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: from theory to practice. Collaborative Group DDH Project","author":"Baronciani D","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_24_1","unstructured":"Bloomfield 2003 {published data only}"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_16_25_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"The quality of routine examinations of the newborn performed by midwives and SHOs; an evaluation using video recordings","author":"Bloomfield L","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Screening"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_26_1","unstructured":"Clegg 1999 {published data only}"},{"issue":"81","key":"e_1_2_16_27_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Financial justification for routine ultrasound screening of the neonatal hip","author":"Clegg J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_28_1","unstructured":"Finnbogason 2008 {published data only}"},{"issue":"49","key":"e_1_2_16_29_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Anterior dynamic ultrasound and Graf's examination in neonatal hip instability","author":"Finnbogason T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Radiologica"},{"issue":"49","key":"e_1_2_16_30_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Neonatal hip instability: a prospective comparison of clinical examination and anterior dynamic ultrasound","author":"Finnbogason T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Radiologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_31_1","unstructured":"Geitung 1996 {published data only}"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_16_32_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cost\u2010effectiveness of ultrasonographic screening for congenital hip dysplasia in new\u2010borns","author":"Geitung JT","year":"1996","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_33_1","unstructured":"Glazener 1999 {published data only}"},{"issue":"318","key":"e_1_2_16_34_1","first-page":"7184","article-title":"Neonatal examination and screening trial (NEST): a randomised, controlled, switchback trial of alternative policies for low risk infants","author":"Glazener CMA","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_35_1","unstructured":"Roovers 2005 {published data only}"},{"issue":"90","key":"e_1_2_16_36_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effectiveness of ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip","author":"Roovers EA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_37_1","unstructured":"Rosendahl 1992a {published data only}"},{"issue":"81","key":"e_1_2_16_38_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Congenital dislocation of the hip: a prospective study comparing ultrasound and clinical examination","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_39_1","unstructured":"Rosendahl 1992b {published data only}"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_16_40_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Ultrasound in the early diagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip: the significance of hip stability versus acetabular morphology","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatric Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_41_1","unstructured":"Additional references"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_42_1","unstructured":"AAP 2000"},{"issue":"105","key":"e_1_2_16_43_1","first-page":"4 Pt 1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline: Early detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip","author":"Committee on Quality Improvement","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barlow 1962","DOI":"10.2307\/1440902"},{"issue":"44","key":"e_1_2_16_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.44B2.292","article-title":"Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip","author":"Barlow TG","year":"1962","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_46_1","unstructured":"Bialik 1986"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_16_47_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Clinical assessment of hip instability in the newborn by an orthopedic surgeon and a pediatrician","author":"Bialik V","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_48_1","unstructured":"Bialik 1999"},{"issue":"103","key":"e_1_2_16_49_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Developmental dysplasia of the hip: A new approach to incidence","author":"Bialik V","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_50_1","unstructured":"Bond 1997"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_16_51_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of newborn soft\u2010tissue hip \u201cclicks\u201d with ultrasound","author":"Bond CD","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_52_1","unstructured":"Cooperman 1983"},{"issue":"175","key":"e_1_2_16_53_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Acetabular dysplasia in the adult","author":"Cooperman DR","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_54_1","unstructured":"Darmonov 1996"},{"issue":"78","key":"e_1_2_16_55_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Clinical screening for congenital dislocation of the hip","author":"Darmonov AV","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_56_1","unstructured":"Dezateux 1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_16_57_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Evaluating the national screening programme for congenital dislocation of the hip","author":"Dezateux C","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Screening"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_58_1","unstructured":"Dezateux 2007"},{"issue":"369","key":"e_1_2_16_59_1","first-page":"9572","article-title":"Developmental dysplasia of the hip","author":"Dezateux C","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_60_1","unstructured":"Dunn 1985"},{"issue":"60","key":"e_1_2_16_61_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Congenital dislocation of the hip: early and late diagnosis and management compared","author":"Dunn PM","year":"1985","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_62_1","unstructured":"Finne 2008"},{"issue":"79","key":"e_1_2_16_63_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Diagnosis of congenital hip dysplasia in the newborn","author":"Finne PH","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_64_1","unstructured":"Furnes 2000"},{"issue":"83","key":"e_1_2_16_65_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Hip disease and the prognosis of total hip replacements. A review of 53,698 primary total hip replacements reported to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register 1987\u201399","author":"Furnes O","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_66_1","unstructured":"Gardner 2005"},{"issue":"90","key":"e_1_2_16_67_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The hip trial: psychosocial consequences for mothers of using ultrasound to manage infants with developmental hip dysplasia","author":"Gardner F","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_68_1","unstructured":"Godward 1998"},{"issue":"351","key":"e_1_2_16_69_1","first-page":"9110","article-title":"Surgery for congenital dislocation of the hip in the UK as a measure of outcome of screening. MRC Working Party on Congenital Dislocation of the Hip. Medical Research Council","author":"Godward S","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_70_1","unstructured":"Gore 1999"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_16_71_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Iatrogenic avascular necrosis of the hip in young children: a long term follow\u2010up","author":"Gore DR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_72_1","unstructured":"Goss 2002"},{"issue":"38","key":"e_1_2_16_73_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Successful screening for hip instability in Australia","author":"Goss PW","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_74_1","unstructured":"Graf 1980"},{"issue":"97","key":"e_1_2_16_75_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"The diagnosis of congenital hip\u2010joint dislocation by the ultrasonic Combound treatment","author":"Graf R","year":"1980","journal-title":"Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_76_1","unstructured":"Hadlow 1988"},{"issue":"70","key":"e_1_2_16_77_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Neonatal screening for congenital dislocation of the hip. A prospective 21\u2010year survey","author":"Hadlow V","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_78_1","unstructured":"Harcke 1984"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_16_79_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Examination of the infant hip with real time ultrasonography","author":"Harcke HT","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_80_1","unstructured":"Kamath 2007"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_16_81_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The lack of evidence of the effect of selective ultrasound screening on the incidence of late developmental dysplasia of the hip in the Greater Glasgow Region","author":"Kamath S","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. Part B"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_82_1","unstructured":"Leck 2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_83_1","first-page":"398\u2013424","volume-title":"Antenatal and neonatal screening","author":"Leck I","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_84_1","unstructured":"Roposch 2007"},{"issue":"242","key":"e_1_2_16_85_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Increased diagnostic information and understanding disease: uncertainty in the diagnosis of developmental hip dysplasia","author":"Roposch A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_86_1","unstructured":"Rosendahl 2007"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_16_87_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Ultrasound in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns. The European approach. A review of methods, accuracy and clinical validity","author":"Rosendahl K","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_88_1","unstructured":"Sewell 2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b4454"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shipman 2006","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-951566"},{"issue":"117","key":"e_1_2_16_91_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: A systematic literature review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","author":"Shipman SA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_92_1","unstructured":"Sucato 1999"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_16_93_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Outcome of ultrasonographic hip abnormalities in clinically stable hips","author":"Sucato DJ","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_94_1","unstructured":"Terjesen 1989"},{"issue":"71","key":"e_1_2_16_95_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Ultrasound for hip assessment in the newborn","author":"Terjesen T","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_96_1","unstructured":"USPSTF 2006"},{"issue":"117","key":"e_1_2_16_97_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: Recommendation Statement","author":"US Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_98_1","unstructured":"Woolacott 2005"},{"issue":"330","key":"e_1_2_16_99_1","first-page":"7505","article-title":"Ultrasonography in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns: systematic review","author":"Woolacott NF","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_100_1","unstructured":"Wynne\u2010Davies 1970"},{"issue":"52","key":"e_1_2_16_101_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Acetabular dysplasia and familial joint laxity: two etiological factors in congenital dislocation of the hip. A review of 589 patients and their families","author":"Wynne\u2010Davies R","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_102_1","unstructured":"Yiv 1997"},{"issue":"33","key":"e_1_2_16_103_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Developmental dysplasia of the hip in South Australia in 1991: Prevalence and risk factors","author":"Yiv BC","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Febch.1891","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ebch.1891","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T15:12:45Z","timestamp":1700665965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ebch.1891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ebch.1891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ebch.1891","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1557-6272","1557-6272"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1557-6272","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-6272","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}}}