{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T16:50:54Z","timestamp":1783961454802,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different populations of plant species can adapt to their local pollinators and diverge in floral traits accordingly. Floral traits are subject to pollinator\u2010driven natural selection to enhance plant reproductive success. Studies on temperate plant systems have shown pollinator\u2010driven selection results in floral trait variation along elevational gradients, but studies in tropical systems are lacking. We analyzed floral traits and pollinator assemblages in the Neotropical bee\u2010pollinated taxon <jats:italic>Costus guanaiensis<\/jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>tarmicus<\/jats:italic> across four sites along a steep elevational gradient in Peru. We found variations in floral traits of size, color, and reward, and in the pollinator assemblage along the elevational gradient. We examined our results considering two hypotheses, (1) local adaptation to different bee assemblages, and (2) the early stages of an evolutionary shift to a new pollinator functional group (hummingbirds). We found some evidence consistent with the adaptation of <jats:italic>C.\u2009guanaiensis<\/jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>tarmicus<\/jats:italic> to the local bee fauna along the studied elevational gradient. Corolla width across sites was associated with bee thorax width of the local most frequent pollinator. However, we could not rule out the possibility of the beginning of a bee\u2010to\u2010hummingbird pollination shift in the highest\u2010studied site. Our study is one of the few geographic\u2010scale analyses of floral trait and pollinator assemblage variation in tropical plant species. Our results broaden our understanding of plant\u2010pollinator interactions beyond temperate systems by showing substantial intraspecific divergence in both floral traits and pollinator assemblages across geographic space in a tropical plant species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.10314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T09:06:24Z","timestamp":1690535184000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An elevational gradient in floral traits and pollinator assemblages in the Neotropical species <i>Costus guanaiensis<\/i> var. <i>tarmicus<\/i> in Peru"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3878-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossana","family":"Magui\u00f1a\u2010Conde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department University of California Santa Cruz  Santa Cruz California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorali","family":"Zu\u00f1iga\u2010Rivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco  Cusco Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department University of California Santa Cruz  Santa Cruz California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.2009.00880.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.2007.00275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108137.2009.02764.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.1985.tb00416.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.1993.tb02170.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00983305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2989798"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102435.12537"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102435.1999.00351.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2387684"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Abejas euglosinas de Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apidae)","volume":"17","author":"Bonilla\u2010Gomez M. A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Caldasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744\u20107429.2005.00084.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1994.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420\u20109101.2004.00729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcj043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"CHDK Development Team. (2018).Canon hack development kit.http:\/\/chdk.wikia.com\/wiki\/CHDK"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20100310.2006.01174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.176.4042.1439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilized by insects","author":"Darwin C.","year":"1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17390"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Euglossine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of the tambopata reserved zone, Madre de Dios, Per\u00fa","volume":"27","author":"Dressler R.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Entomologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.1996.tb04478.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/10.6.714"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.1661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","volume-title":"Hummingbirds","author":"Greenwalt C. H.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00377639"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.06.110175.001035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume-title":"Birds of Venezuela","author":"Hilty S. L.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.1581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.1997.tb02387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18464"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.110308.120310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744\u20107429.2003.tb00279.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13958"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756\u20101051.2013.01766.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Costoideae (Zingiberaceae)","volume":"8","author":"Maas P. J. M.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Flora Neotropica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecog.01538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472\u20104642.2002.00161.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","unstructured":"Martinez Arbizu P.(2020).pairwiseAdonis: Pairwise multilevel comparison using Adonis. R Package Version 0.4 1."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744\u20107429.2004.tb00312.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2007.0906\u20107590.05175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","volume-title":"A guide to the birds of South America","author":"Meyer S. R.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-006-0877-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010ecolsys\u2010110218\u2010024804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actao.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12736"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","unstructured":"Oksanen J. Blanchet F. G. Friendly M. Kindt R. Legendre P. McGlinn D. Minchin P. R. O'Hara R. B. Simpson G. L. Solymos P. Stevens M. H. H. Szoecs E. &Wagner H.(2020).Vegan: Community ecology package. R Package Version 2.5\u20107.https:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=vegan"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420\u20109101.2007.01374.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2020).R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna Austria.https:\/\/www.R\u2010project.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","unstructured":"Rasband W. S.(1997\u20132018).ImageJ. U. S. National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD.https:\/\/imagej.nih.gov\/ij\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-091881-5.50008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Ecomorphological analysis of a community of hermit hummingbirds (Trochilidae, Phaethorninae) and their flowers in Colombian Amazonia","volume":"3","author":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Flores C. I.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ornitolog\u0131a Colombiana"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","volume-title":"Orchid bees of tropical America: Biology and field guide","author":"Roubik D. W.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/apido:19950303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114\u2010018\u20101595\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1936993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.21.11910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2409220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400834495"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523\u20101739.1995.09010107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.01.110170.001515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2387905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2017.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420\u20109101.2006.01216.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2418599"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8850-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226118697.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/523361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041\u2010210X.12439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.14108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118299"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10682\u2010014\u20109716\u20109"}],"container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.10314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T07:18:08Z","timestamp":1720768688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ece3.10314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ece3.10314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ece3.10314","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7758","2045-7758"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7758","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e10314"}}