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Despite the increasing number of studies exploring the associations between broader dietary guilds of mammalian hosts and their gut bacteria, it is generally unclear how diversity and variability in consumed diets link to gut bacterial taxa in wild non\u2010primate mammals, particularly in omnivores. Here, we contribute to filling this gap by exploring consumed diets and gut bacterial community compositions with metabarcoding of faecal samples for two African mammals, <jats:italic>Civettictis civetta<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Genetta<\/jats:italic> spp., from the family Viverridae. For each individual sample, we characterised bacterial communities and identified dietary taxa by sequencing vertebrate, invertebrate and plant markers. This led us to establish diet compositions that diverged from what has previously been found from visual identification methods. Specifically, while the two genera have been categorised into the same dietary guild, we detected more animal dietary items than plant items in <jats:italic>C. civetta<\/jats:italic>, while in <jats:italic>Genetta<\/jats:italic> spp., we observed the opposite. We further found that individuals with similar diets have similar gut bacterial communities within both genera. This association tended to be driven by specific links between dietary items and gut bacterial genera, rather than communities as a whole, implying diet\u2010driven selection for specific gut microbes in individual wild hosts. Our findings underline the importance of molecular tools for improving characterisations of omnivorous mammalian diets and highlight the opportunities for simultaneously disentangling links between diets and gut symbionts. Such insights can inform robustness and flexibility in host\u2010microbe symbioses to dietary change associated with seasonal and habitat changes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.11486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T23:16:57Z","timestamp":1720739817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diet components associated with specific bacterial taxa shape overall gut community compositions in omnivorous African viverrids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Malou B.","family":"Storm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7579-5539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia M. 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