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While<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>'s effects on host biology are not understood from most of these hosts, known<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced phenotypes cover a spectrum from obligate beneficial mutualism to reproductive manipulations and pathogenicity. Interestingly, data on<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>within the most species\u2010rich order of arthropods, the Coleoptera (beetles), are scarce. Therefore, we screened 128 species from seven beetle families (Buprestidae, Hydraenidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, and Noteridae) for the presence of<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>. Our data show that, contrary to previous estimations,<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>frequencies in beetles (31% overall) are comparable to the ones in other insects. In addition, we used<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLST<\/jats:styled-content>data and host phylogeny to explore the evolutionary history of<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>strains from Hydraenidae, an aquatic lineage of beetles. Our data suggest that<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>from Hydraenidae might be largely host genus specific and that<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>strain phylogeny is not independent to that of its hosts. As this contrasts with most terrestrial<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\u2013arthropod systems, one potential conclusion is that aquatic lifestyle of hosts may result in<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>distribution patterns distinct from those of terrestrial hosts. Our data thus provide both insights into<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>distribution among beetles in general and a first glimpse of<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>distribution patterns among aquatic host lineages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,16]],"date-time":"2015-09-16T05:37:51Z","timestamp":1442381871000},"page":"4345-4353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["<i><scp>W<\/scp>olbachia<\/i>distribution in selected beetle taxa characterized by<scp>PCR<\/scp>screens and<scp>MLST<\/scp>data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Rebekka","family":"Sontowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals Institute for Biology University of Leipzig Talstrasse 33 D\u201004103 Leipzig 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