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Few opportunities arise to investigate behaviorally mediated effects of human habitat modification in natural host\u2013pathogen systems, but we provide a potential example of this phenomenon in banded mongooses (<jats:italic>Mungos mungo<\/jats:italic>), a social mammal. Our banded mongoose study population in Botswana is endemically infected with a novel <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex pathogen, <jats:italic>M.\u00a0mungi<\/jats:italic>, that primarily invades the mongoose host through the nasal planum and breaks in the skin. In this system, several study troops have access to human garbage sites and other modified landscapes for foraging. Banded mongooses in our study site (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04 troops, ~130 individuals) had significantly higher within\u2010troop aggression levels when foraging in garbage compared to other foraging habitats. Second, monthly rates of aggression were a significant predictor of monthly number of injuries in troops. Finally, injured individuals had a 75% incidence of clinical tuberculosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TB<\/jats:styled-content>) compared to a 0% incidence in visibly uninjured mongooses during the study period. Our data suggest that mongoose troops that forage in garbage may be at greater risk of acquiring <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TB<\/jats:styled-content> by incurring injuries that may allow for pathogen invasion. Our study suggests the need to consider the indirect effects of garbage on behavior and wildlife health when developing waste management approaches in human\u2010modified areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.2343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T02:26:42Z","timestamp":1469500002000},"page":"5932-5939","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Do not feed the wildlife: associations between garbage use, aggression, and disease in banded mongooses (<i>Mungos mungo<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Bonnie Fairbanks","family":"Flint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana M.","family":"Hawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia"},{"name":"Center for African Resource: Animals Communities, and Land use (CARACAL) Kasane Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1608.100314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Emerging tuberculosis pathogen hijacks social communication behavior in the group\u2010living banded mongoose (Mungos mungo)","volume":"7","author":"Alexander K. 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