{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:07:34Z","timestamp":1790982454349,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,5]],"date-time":"2017-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010707","name":"Canadian Bee Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010707","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009427","name":"Acadia University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009427","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    European honey bees\n                    <jats:italic>Apis mellifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    are important commercial pollinators that have suffered greater than normal overwintering losses since 2007 in North America and Europe. Contributing factors likely include a combination of parasites, pesticides, and poor nutrition. We examined diet diversity, diet nutritional quality, and pesticides in honey bee\u2010collected pollen from commercial colonies in the Canadian Maritime Provinces in spring and summer 2011. We sampled pollen collected by honey bees at colonies in four site types: apple orchards, blueberry fields, cranberry bogs, and fallow fields. Proportion of honey bee\u2010collected pollen from crop versus noncrop flowers was high in apple, very low in blueberry, and low in cranberry sites. Pollen nutritional value tended to be relatively good from apple and cranberry sites and poor from blueberry and fallow sites. Floral surveys ranked, from highest to lowest in diversity, fallow, cranberry, apple, and blueberry sites. Pesticide diversity in honey bee\u2010collected pollen was high from apple and blueberry sites and low from cranberry and fallow sites. Four different neonicotinoid pesticides were detected, but neither these nor any other pesticides were at or above LD\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels. Pollen hazard quotients were highest in apple and blueberry sites and lowest in fallow sites. Pollen hazard quotients were also negatively correlated with the number of flower taxa detected in surveys. Results reveal differences among site types in diet diversity, diet quality, and pesticide exposure that are informative for improving honey bee and land agro\u2010ecosystem management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.3178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,6]],"date-time":"2017-08-06T00:06:43Z","timestamp":1501978003000},"page":"7243-7253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Honey bee\u2010collected pollen in agro\u2010ecosystems reveals diet diversity, diet quality, and pesticide exposure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Megan J.","family":"Colwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Acadia University  Wolfville NS Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Acadia University  Wolfville NS Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biology Dalhousie University  Halifax NS Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Bee Health Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Centre  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodger C.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Acadia University  Wolfville NS Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2032-8148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dave","family":"Shutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Acadia University  Wolfville NS Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"584","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of research design","author":"Abdi H.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2009.0986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2745.1999.00384.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects3030601"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"460","article-title":"Nitrogen fertilization affected the pollen production and quality in apple cultivars \u201cJerseymac\u201d and \u201cGolden Delicious\u201d","volume":"63","author":"Atasay A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"An atlas of airborne pollen grains and common fungus spores of Canada","author":"Bassett I. 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