{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:03:10Z","timestamp":1790787790085,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP160100588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP160100588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mosquitoes transmit a diverse group of human flaviviruses including West Nile, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Mosquitoes are also naturally infected with insect\u2010specific flaviviruses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content>s), a subgroup of the family not capable of infecting vertebrates. Although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content>s are not medically important, they are capable of altering the mosquito's susceptibility to flaviviruses and may alter host fitness. <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> is an endosymbiotic bacterium of insects that when present in mosquitoes limits the replication of co\u2010infecting pathogens, including flaviviruses. Artificially created <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes are being released into the wild in a series of trials around the globe with the hope of interrupting dengue and Zika virus transmission from mosquitoes to humans. Our work investigated the effect of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content> infection in wild\u2010caught <jats:italic>Ae.\u00a0aegypti<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes from field release zones. All field mosquitoes were screened for the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content>s using general degenerate flavivirus primers and their <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> amplicons sequenced. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content>s were found to be common and widely distributed in <jats:italic>Ae.\u00a0aegypti<\/jats:italic> populations. Field mosquitoes consistently had higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content> infection rates and viral loads compared to laboratory colony material indicating that environmental conditions may modulate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content> infection in <jats:italic>Ae.\u00a0aegypti<\/jats:italic>. Surprisingly, higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content> infection rates and loads were found in <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected mosquitoes compared to the <jats:italic>Wolbachia\u2010<\/jats:italic>free mosquitoes. Our findings demonstrate that the symbiont is capable of manipulating the mosquito virome and that <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\u2010mediated viral inhibition is not universal for flaviviruses. This may have implications for the <jats:italic>Wolbachia\u2010<\/jats:italic>based <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DENV<\/jats:styled-content> control strategy if <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISF<\/jats:styled-content>s confer fitness effects or alter mosquito susceptibility to other flaviviruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T09:28:17Z","timestamp":1525771697000},"page":"5441-5454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["<i>Wolbachia<\/i> enhances insect\u2010specific flavivirus infection in <i>Aedes aegypti<\/i> mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hilaria E.","family":"Amuzu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirill","family":"Tsyganov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Bioinformatics Platform Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemarie I.","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Bioinformatics Platform Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7973-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"McGraw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Monash University  Clayton Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Entomology Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.1497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0853-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150600755453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14436"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"The effect of larval rearing conditions and adult age on the susceptibility of Culex tritaeniorhynchus to infection with West Nile virus","volume":"40","author":"Baqar S.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mosq News"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1993.48.757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1980.29.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05220-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1236192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000833"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-9-2161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0188-4409(02)00373-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/29.6.985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Correlation of nutritional reserves with a critical weight for pupation in larval Aedes aegypti mosquitoes","volume":"6","author":"Chambers G. M.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0604875103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-003-0019-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-10-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002965"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2006.02842.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq461"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1501.080311"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","volume-title":"Virus taxonomy: VIIIth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses","author":"Fauquet C. M.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002688"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.7.4283-4290.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1716181114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2012.01820.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/21.3.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150390235520"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1509.090442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1162418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.09.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06751-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1978.27.372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.9.7119-7123.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1984.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585(2000)037[0340:DADOWI]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"The effect of colonization upon Aedes aegypti susceptibility to oral infection with yellow fever virus","volume":"29","author":"Lorenz L.","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.5.4272-4278.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1673\/031.007.5501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2007.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01321074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.24.2.709-711.1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052466499"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/ME09188"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.20.10792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/73.6.699"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/87.2.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.2030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.0638"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-2-52"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01727-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116932108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","first-page":"e1781","article-title":"Zika virus: A newly emergent vector\u2010borne public health threat in the Americas","volume":"4","author":"Pujhari S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"PeerJ Preprints"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005536"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aen.12127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2584"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2005.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.41.110306.130354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11772"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(75)90113-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(99)00163-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.0249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.116.198903"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2005.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2016.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.2837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000653"}],"container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fece3.4066","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.4066","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ece3.4066","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/chorus\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fece3.4066","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.4066","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.4066","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T23:40:31Z","timestamp":1694821231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ece3.4066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ece3.4066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ece3.4066","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7758","2045-7758"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7758","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}