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However, for many species, the abundance and at sea distribution are poorly known because of their large geographic ranges, high mobility and cryptic breeding habits. This is especially true for small pelagic seabirds such as the European storm\u2010petrel. Large\u2010scale observer\u2010based aerial surveys were conducted over four summers in the North\u2010East Atlantic extending 200 nautical miles from the coast of Ireland. Species distribution models were produced using generalised additive models with a combination of static and dynamic environmental variables to assess the impact of survey altitude on storm\u2010petrel detectability, and to model their abundance and distribution. Reduced storm\u2010petrel detectability was identified at higher survey altitudes and rougher seas, and an at\u2010sea abundance of 154,044 (95% CI: 94,347\u2013452,299) individuals was estimated. Our results reveal fine\u2010scale variation in the spatial distribution of storm\u2010petrels and highlight the unsuitability of foraging radius distribution models for such species. Storm\u2010petrels were found to avoid coastal areas, which we speculate is linked to the avoidance of large coastal avian predators during the day. Although the continental shelf edge was highlighted as a significant feature in the distribution of this pelagic species, a more prominent hotspot was identified in neritic areas, 20\u201340\u2009km off the south and south\u2010west coasts of Ireland in a region highly influenced by shelf fronts, coastal currents, upwellings and eddies in the summer months. The identified hotspot has global significance since Ireland holds more than 20% of the entire European storm\u2010petrel breeding population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.71438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T09:35:54Z","timestamp":1751276154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial Modelling of Aerial Survey Data Reveals an Important European Storm\u2010Petrel Hotspot and Its Underlying Drivers Within the North\u2010East Atlantic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9295-6119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Darby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Bennison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Antarctic Survey  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lder","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department &amp; ECOMARE University of Aveiro  Aveiro Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"Giralt Paradell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"},{"name":"MaREI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. David","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Parks and Wildlife Service Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emer","family":"Rogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John L.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Jessopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork  Cork Ireland"},{"name":"MaREI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsr043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00063657.2011.560244"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsn175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5038\/2074-1235.50.1.1462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Arneill G. 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