{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:19:26Z","timestamp":1780514366311,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The global fin trade poses a significant threat to shark populations; many species of shark are at risk of extinction due to overfishing and unsustainable practices. This study examines the fin trade in Singapore, a globally significant fin trading hub, market and transit point. Using DNA barcoding techniques, we attempted to determine the species of origin for 300 processed fins that could not be identified by visual techniques. Fins were collected from a variety of outlets across Singapore. We identified 12 species, eight of which were identified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of threatened species (critically threatened\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092, endangered\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094 &amp; vulnerable\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092). Of all the samples we identified to the species or genus level, 13 (12 species and 1 entire genus) are listed on CITES Appendix II. This listing means that international trade has to be controlled to prevent further population declines and utilisation incompatible with their survival. Ninety\u2010eight percent of all the identifications made in this work belonged to species that are listed on CITES Appendix II. Demonstrating the importance of regular and repeated monitoring, we identified the blackchin guitarfish (\n                    <jats:italic>Glaucostegus cemiculus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ); this is the first occurrence of fins from this species within Singapore and the wider Southeast Asian region. This is a CITES Appendix II listed species and one that has been designated as critically endangered by the IUCN. Without repeated monitoring, the presence of this species in Singpaore would likely have gone undetected.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.71607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T01:29:11Z","timestamp":1750642151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In Troubled Waters: Applying\n                    <scp>DNA<\/scp>\n                    Barcoding to Monitor Singapore's Shark Fin Trade"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Anya","family":"Ramanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly H.","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Chung Mae Sze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole Isabel","family":"Oo Xinyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kim Hyun Soo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changjun","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivien","family":"Dimitrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebekah P.","family":"Nix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming Han Mark","family":"Sng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei Xuan Jody","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa X. Y.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6393-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Wainwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale\u2010NUS College National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592\u2010005\u20109036\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/zoo\u20101307\u201032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsma.2019.100952"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Boon P. Y.2017.\u201cShark and Ray Trade in Singapore\u2014Wildlife Trade Report From TRAFFIC.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.traffic.org\/publications\/reports\/shark\u2010and\u2010ray\u2010trade\u2010in\u2010singapore\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4322\/natcon.2014.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201061150\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/conl.12780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/conl.12910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c02585"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pan3.10590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12070802"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"CITES. n.d.\u201cThe CITES Appendices | CITES.\u201d Accessed October 13 2024.https:\/\/cites.org\/eng\/app\/index.php."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/mre.22.3.42629561"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461\u20100248.2006.00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Consortium for Wildlife Bycatch Reduction. n.d.\u201cScalloped Hammerhead Shark Declared Overfished in the US Atlantic.\u201d Accessed October 13 2024.https:\/\/www.bycatch.org\/news\/scalloped\u2010hammerhead\u2010shark\u2010declared\u2010overfished\u2010us\u2010atlantic."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267\u2010014\u20100291\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"Dent F. andS.Clarke.2015.\u201cState of the Global Market for Shark Products.\u201d FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper 590."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.907714"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0376892911000609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"FishBase. n.d.\u201cCarcharhinus falciformisSummary Page.\u201d Accessed October 13 2024.https:\/\/www.fishbase.us\/summary\/Carcharhinus\u2010falciformis.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249\u2010023\u201001168\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/MF17163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102656.2009.01623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","unstructured":"IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group. n.d.\u201cThe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and Sharks.\u201d Accessed October 13 2024.https:\/\/www.iucnssg.org\/iucnredlist.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742\u20109994\u201010\u201034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292743"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2021.105994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106785\u201013\u201034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0293345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","unstructured":"Mundy\u2010Taylor V. andV.Crook.2013.\u201cInto the Deep: Implementing CITES Measures for Commercially\u2010Valuable Sharks and Manta Rays.\u201dhttps:\/\/cites.org\/sites\/default\/files\/eng\/prog\/shark\/docs\/traffic_into\u2010the\u2010deep.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160\u2010024\u201009861\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","unstructured":"Notarbartolo di Sciara G. M. N.Bradai G.Morey et\u00a0al.2016.\u201cGlaucostegus cemiculus.\u201d The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.https:\/\/www.biosfera1.com\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10.2305_IUCN.UK_.2016\u20103.RLTS_.T63132A104009894.en_.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5751\/ES\u201014229\u2010280305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.240532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493\u2010023\u201000863\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16647"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201035091\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/gen\u20102015\u20100167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","unstructured":"Teo P. L. G.2015.\u201cMan Eating Shark: Unravelling the Debate on the (Un)ethical Consumption of Shark's Fin in Singapore\u2014Core.\u201dhttps:\/\/core.ac.uk\/outputs\/48811915\/?utm_source=pdf&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=pdf\u2010decoration\u2010v1."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2020.0609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592\u2010018\u20101108\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","unstructured":"Yeo S. H.2022. \u201cShark's Fin Trade Continues Despite More Awareness About Shark Conservation.\u201dThe Straits Times.https:\/\/www.straitstimes.com\/singapore\/consumer\/sharks\u2010fin\u2010trade\u2010continues\u2010despite\u2010more\u2010awareness\u2010about\u2010shark\u2010conservation."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/d16090525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/conl.12842"}],"container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ece3.71607","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T09:20:07Z","timestamp":1763630407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ece3.71607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ece3.71607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ece3.71607","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7758","2045-7758"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7758","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71607"}}