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However, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on copepods in marine systems, especially at tropical and subtropical latitudes, are not well understood. Incubations in UV and non\u2010UV treatments during outdoor solar experiments at a subtropical latitude where copepods dominated the zooplankton community demonstrated that UV exposure led to 40%\u201350% higher mortality than in non\u2010UV treatments after 4 h of exposure. In outdoor plankton migration tower experiments, most copepods avoided surface waters regardless of radiation treatment. While adaptations to avoid UV damage, such as the accumulation of photoprotective compounds, were observed in copepods, they were insufficient to fully mitigate UV\u2010induced harm. Thus, surface avoidance is likely the primary adaptation employed by copepods and other zooplankton to evade UV exposure. This study expands upon existing UV research, which has largely focused on high\u2010latitude and high\u2010altitude ecosystems, suggesting that UV is a major environmental threat factor for low\u2010latitude zooplankton. Hence, projected future climate\u2010change related or geoengineering\u2010driven increases in UV levels in subtropical and tropical systems may lead to higher mortality rates in zooplankton populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.71701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T05:45:18Z","timestamp":1751003118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Copepod Mortality due to Short\u2010Term Exposure to Natural Ultraviolet Radiation at Subtropical Latitudes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3740-5998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Hylander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS) Linnaeus University  Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremias","family":"Nhaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inhaca Marine Biology Station Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il\u00e1rio","family":"Timba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inhaca Marine Biology Station Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2201-4416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc M.","family":"Hauber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS) Linnaeus University  Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David V. 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