{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:47:36Z","timestamp":1790614056537,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101059238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101059238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000831","name":"Natural History Museum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000831","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Understanding the impact of ecological factors on biodiversity is central in the context of accelerating climate change and biodiversity loss. Urban areas, as landscapes under particularly strong anthropogenic influence, are undergoing rapid ecological change, yet the consequences for urban biodiversity and ecosystem functioning remain poorly understood. In this study, we focused on fruit flies of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014a diverse group of dipterans with variable ecological niches and degrees of synanthropy, i.e., the adaptation to human\u2010modified habitats. We investigated species composition and community ecology in the metropolitan area of Vienna, Austria. With the help of numerous citizen scientists, we have collected approximately 18,000 specimens through dense spatio\u2010temporal sampling both indoors and outdoors of human dwellings. A total of 13\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    species were identified, with communities dominated by widespread cosmopolitan synanthropic species. Among these,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>D. mercatorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>D. virilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    represent novel records for Austria. Comparisons to a previous study from more than 30\u2009years ago revealed that the species richness in Vienna was more than 50% lower than before and showed that formerly common species were potentially replaced by non\u2010indigenous drosophilids (neobiota). We further assessed ecological niches by intersecting species abundance data with high\u2010dimensional, high\u2010resolution earth observation datasets, which revealed distinct ecological preferences among species. In particular, the neozoan\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>D. mercatorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    emerged as a highly synanthropic species, tightly confined to urban areas with high levels of imperviousness. In summary, our study underpins the versatility of the\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    system as an indicator of biodiversity loss in a rapidly changing world.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.72826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T23:36:51Z","timestamp":1768174611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ecology and Diversity of Urban\n                    <i>Drosophila<\/i>\n                    Species Communities as Potential Indicators of Biodiversity Decline"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3810-0504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Kapun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Steindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space4Environment  Luxembourg Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"L\u00f6hnertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space4Environment  Luxembourg Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Strasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui Qiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorin","family":"Timaeus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Szucsich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Haring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Einige Arten aus den Familien Anthomyiidae, Calliphoridae, Dolichopodidae, Drosophilidae, Muscidae und Phoridae (Diptera) neu f\u00fcr Deutschland","volume":"20","author":"Adaschkiewitz W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Studia Dipterologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu246"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"AK\u2010Diptera andG.B\u00e4chli.2023.\u201cCheckliste der Taufliegen Deutschlands (Diptera: Drosophilidae).\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.20363\/CDG.DROSOPHILIDAE.2023.IX.25."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evz022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10340\u2010015\u20100681\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00345697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0046\u2010225X\u201032.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"On the Type Material of Palearctic Species of Drosophilidae (Diptera)","volume":"32","author":"B\u00e4chli G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"Insecta Helvetica Fauna 7: Diptera Drosophilidae","author":"B\u00e4chli G.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Annotated Bibliography of Palearctic Species of Drosophilidae (Diptera)","volume":"32","author":"B\u00e4chli G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark","volume":"39","author":"B\u00e4chli G.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauer R. 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